🦅 IRANLORE | ایران‌نامه
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Heroic Era (Kianian)

Mahmood

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91 distichs in this chapter
Click any distich to open the interactive annotation drawer.
Letter to Kay Khosrow in Gang, Reception of Khaqan and Faghfur, and Defiance of the King of Makran
#1
وز آن پس بیامد خرامان دبیر
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بیاورد قرطاس و مشک و عبیر
“Thereupon, the scribe arrived gracefully, bringing forth paper, musk, and ambergris.”
#2
نبشتند نامه که از کردگار
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به دادیم و خشنود از روزگار
“They wrote a letter: 'From the Creator, we are established in justice and well-pleased with fortune,”
#3
که فرزند ما گشت پیروزبخت
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سزای مهی وز در تاج و تخت
“'For our son hath become victorious, worthy of greatness, and fitted for the crown and throne.”
#4
بدی را که گیتی همی ننگ داشت
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جهان را پر از غارت و جنگ داشت
“'He who wrought evil, of whom the world was ashamed, and who filled the earth with plunder and strife,”
#5
ز دست تو آواره شد در جهان
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نگویند نامش جز اندر نهان
“'Hath been rendered a wanderer in the world by thy hand; none utter his name now save in secrecy.”
#6
همه ساله تا بود خونریز بود
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به بدنامی و زشتی آویز بود
“'Throughout his years, so long as he endured, he shed blood, ever cleaving to infamy and ugliness.”
#7
بزد گردن نوذر تاجدار
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ز شاهان وز راستان یادگار
“'He severed the neck of crowned Nowzar, that memory of righteous kings of old.”
#8
برادرکش و بدتن و شاه کش
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بداندیش و بدراه و آشفته هش
“'A fratricide, evil-bodied, a slayer of kings, malevolent, misguided, and of distraught mind.”
#9
پی او ممان تا نهد بر زمین
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به توران و مکران و دریای چین
“'Allow not his foot to rest upon the earth, whether in Turan, Makran, or the Sea of China.”
#10
جهان را مگر زو رهایی بود
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سر بی بهایش بهایی بود
“'Perchance the world may find deliverance from him, and a price be set upon his worthless head.”
#11
اگر داور دادگر یک خدای
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همی بود خواهد ترا رهنمای
“'If the just Judge, the One God, shall continue to be thy guide,”
#12
که گیتی بشویی ز رنج بدان
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ز گفتار و کردار نابخردان
“'Thou shalt cleanse the world from the torment of the wicked, and from the words and deeds of the foolish.”
#13
بداد جهان آفرین شاد باش
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جهان را یکی تازه بنیاد باش
“'Be joyful through the Creator of the world, and be thou a fresh foundation for the earth.”
#14
مگر باز بینم تو را شادمان
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پر از درد گردد دل بدگمان
“'May I see thee joyful once again, so that the heart of the suspicious enemy may be filled with pain.”
#15
وز این پس جز از پیش یزدان پاک
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نباشم کز اویست امید و باک
“'Henceforth, I shall stand nowhere save before the Pure God, for in Him reside all hope and awe.”
#16
بدان تا تو پیروز باشی و شاد
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سرت سبز باد و دلت پر ز داد
“'To the end that thou mayest remain victorious and glad; may thy head be green and thy heart full of justice.”
#17
جهان آفرین رهنمای تو باد
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همیشه سر تخت جای تو باد
“'May the Creator of the world be thy guide, and may the royal throne ever be thy abode.'”
#18
نهادند بر نامه بر مهر شاه
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بر ایوان شه گیو بگزید راه
“They set the King's seal upon the letter, and Giv took his way from the royal palace.”
#19
به ره بر نبودش به جایی درنگ
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به نزدیک کیخسرو آمد به گنگ
“He tarried nowhere upon the road, until he reached Keykhosrow in Gang-Dezh.”
#20
بر او آفرین کرد و نامه بداد
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پیام نیا پیش او کرد یاد
“He praised him, delivered the letter, and conveyed the verbal message of his grandfather.”
#21
ز گفتار او شاد شد شهریار
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می‌ آورد و رامشگر و میگسار
“The King rejoiced at his words; he ordered wine, musicians, and cupbearers.”
#22
همی خورد پیروز و شادان سه روز
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چهارم چو بفروخت گیتی فروز
“Victorious and joyful, he feasted for three days; on the fourth, when the sun brightened the world,”
#23
سپه را همه ترک و جوشن بداد
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پیام نیا پیششان کرد یاد
“He bestowed helmets and coats of mail upon the host, and recounted to them his grandfather's message.”
#24
مر آن را به گستهم نوذر سپرد
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یکی لشکری نامبردار و گرد
“He entrusted that task to Gostahm, son of Nowzar, along with a renowned and valiant army.”
#25
ز گنگ گزین راه چین برگرفت
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جهان را به شمشیر در بر گرفت
“From chosen Gang he took the road to China, encompassing the world with the power of his sword.”
#26
نبد روز بیکار و تیره شبان
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طلایه به روز و به شب پاسبان
“No day was left idle, nor any dark night; advance guards rode by day, and watchmen stood by night.”
#27
بدین گونه تا شارستان پدر
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همی رفت گریان و پر کینه سر
“In this manner he advanced unto his father's citadel, weeping, his head filled with vengeance.”
#28
همی گرد باغ سیاوش بگشت
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به جایی که بنهاد خونریز تشت
“He wandered around the garden of Siavash, at the very spot where the blood-shedding basin had been set.”
#29
همی گفت کز داور یک خدای
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بخواهم که باشد مرا رهنمای
“He kept saying: 'I pray to the One God, the Judge, that He may be my guide,”
#30
مگر همچنین خون افراسیاب
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هم ایدر بریزم به کردار آب
“'So that I may likewise spill the blood of Afrasiab here, pouring it forth even like water.'”
#31
و ز آن جایگه شد سوی تخت باز
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همی گفت با داور پاک راز
“And from that place he returned unto the throne, communing in secret prayer with the Holy Judge.”
#32
ز لشکر فرستادگان برگزید
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که گویند و دانند گفت و شنید
“From the army he selected envoys who were eloquent, wise, and versed in discourse.”
#33
فرستاد کس نزد خاقان چین
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به فغفور و سالار مکران زمین
“He dispatched envoys to the Khaqan of China, to the Faghfowr, and to the ruler of Makran's realm,”
#34
که گر داد گیرید و فرمان کنید
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ز کردار بد دل پشیمان کنید
“Saying: 'If ye embrace justice and obey my command, repenting in heart of past evil deeds,”
#35
خورشها فرستید نزد سپاه
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ببینید ناچار ما را به راه
“'Send provisions unto the host, and perforce behold us as we march along the way.'”
#36
کسی کو بتابد ز فرمان من
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و گر دور باشد ز پیمان من
“Whosoever turns away from my command, or strays far from my covenant,”
#37
بیاراست باید سپه را به رزم
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هر آن کس که بگریزد از راه بزم
“We must array the army for battle against anyone who flees from the path of peace and feast.”
#38
فرستاده آمد به هر کشوری
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به هر جا که بد نامور مهتری
“Envoys were dispatched to every realm, wherever a renowned chieftain held sway.”
#39
غمی گشت فغفور و خاقان چین
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بزرگان هر کشوری همچنین
“The Faghour and the Khaqan of China grew anxious, as did the nobles of every other land.”
#40
فرستاده را چند گفتند گرم
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سخنهای شیرین به آواز نرم
“Warmly they addressed the envoy, speaking sweet words in soft and soothing tones,”
#41
که ما شاه را سر به سر کهتریم
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زمین جز به فرمان او نسپریم
“Saying: "We are all subjects of the King; we tread not upon this earth save by his command.”
#42
گذرها که راه دلیران بدست
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ببینیم تا چند ویران شدست
“"We shall inspect the passes traversed by the brave, to see how ruined they have become,”
#43
کنیم از سر آباد با خوردنی
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بباشیم و آریمش آوردنی
“"We will rebuild them anew, supply provisions, and bring forth whatever tribute is required."”
#44
همی گفت هر کس که بودش خرد
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که گر بی زیان او به ما بگذرد
“Everyone possessed of wisdom said: "If he passes by us without causing us harm,”
#45
به درویش بخشیم بسیار چیز
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نثار و خورشها بسازیم نیز
“"We shall bestow much upon the poor, and prepare gifts and lavish banquets as well."”
#46
فرستاده را بی‌کران هدیه داد
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بیامد به درگاه پیروز و شاد
“They showered the envoy with boundless gifts, and he returned to the royal court victorious and joyful.”
#47
دگر نامور چون به مکران رسید
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دل شاه مکران دگرگونه دید
“When another noble envoy reached Makran, he found the King of Makran’s heart to be of a different disposition.”
#48
بر تخت او رفت و نامه بداد
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بگفت از پیام آنچه بودش بیاد
“He approached his throne and delivered the letter, conveying all the royal message he remembered.”
#49
سبک مر فرستاده را خوار کرد
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دل انجمن پر ز تیمار کرد
“Straightway he humiliated the envoy, filling the hearts of the assembly with grief and trouble.”
#50
بدو گفت با شاه ایران بگوی
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که نادیده بر ما فزونی مجوی
“He said to him: "Tell the King of Iran: seek not superiority over us without having tested us!”
#51
زمانه همه زیر تخت منست
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جهان روشن از فر بخت منست
“"The age itself is beneath my throne, and the world is illuminated by the glory of my fortune!”
#52
چو خورشید تابان شود بر سپهر
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نخستین بر این بوم تابد به مهر
“"When the radiant sun shines in the heavens, it first sheds its loving light upon this land of mine!”
#53
همم دانش و گنج آباد هست
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بزرگی و مردی و نیروی دست
“"I possess wisdom and rich treasures, along with grandeur, valor, and strength of arm.”
#54
گر از من همی راه جوید رواست
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که هر جانور بر زمین پادشاست
“"If he seeks safe passage from me, that is fair; for every living lord is a king in his own realm.”
#55
نبندیم اگر بگذری بر تو راه
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زیانی مکن بر گذر با سپاه
“"We shall not block your way if you pass through; but cause no harm on your passage with your host.”
#56
ور ایدون که با لشکر آیی به شهر
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بر این پادشاهی ترا نیست بهر
“"But if you march into our city with an army, you shall have no share or hold in this kingdom.”
#57
نمانم که بر بوم من بگذری
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وز این مرز جایی به پی بسپری
“"I will not suffer you to step upon my soil, nor tread a single span of this border!”
#58
نمانم که مانی تو پیروزگر
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وگر یابی از اختر نیک بر
“"I will not let you remain victorious, even if you draw good fortune from the stars!"”
#59
بر این گونه چون شاه پاسخ شنید
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از آن جایگه لشکر اندر کشید
“When the King heard such a response, he led forth his army from that place.”
#60
بیامد گرازان به سوی ختن
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جهاندار با نامدار انجمن
“Swiftly and proudly he advanced toward Khotan—the ruler of the world alongside his renowned assembly.”
#61
برفتند فغفور و خاقان چین
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بر شاه با پوزش و آفرین
“The Faghour and the Khaqan of China came forth to meet the King, offering apologies and praise.”
#62
سه منزل ز چین پیش شاه آمدند
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خود و نامداران به راه آمدند
“Three stages out from China they marched to meet the King, accompanied by their illustrious nobles.”
#63
همه راه آباد کرده چو دست
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در و دشت چون جایگاه نشست
“The entire road was made as smooth and neat as a hand, the valleys and plains arrayed like royal banqueting halls.”
#64
همه بوم و بر پوشش و خوردنی
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از آرایش بزم و گستردنی
“The whole realm was filled with garments and food, splendidly adorned for feasts with fine carpets spread.”
#65
چو نزدیک شاه اندر آمد سپاه
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ببستند آذین به بیراه و راه
“As the army drew near the King, they decorated both the highways and byways with festive arches.”
#66
به دیوار دیبا برآویختند
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ز بر زعفران و درم ریختند
“They hung rich silks upon the walls, and showered saffron and coins from above.”
#67
چو با شاه فغفور گستاخ شد
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به پیش اندر آمد سوی کاخ شد
“When the Faghour grew familiar and comfortable with the King, he led the way and proceeded toward the palace.”
#68
بدو گفت ما شاه را کهتریم
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اگر کهتری را خود اندر خوریم
“He said to him: "We are the humble subjects of the King, if indeed we are worthy of such service!"”
#69
جهانی به بخت تو آباد گشت
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دل دوستداران تو شاد گشت
“"The world has flourished through your good fortune, and the hearts of your well-wishers are filled with joy!"”
#70
گر ایوان ما در خور شاه نیست
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گمانم که هم بدتر از راه نیست
“"Though our palace may not be fitting for the King, I deem it no worse, at least, than the open road!"”
#71
به کاخ اندر آمد سرافراز شاه
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نشست از بر نامور پیشگاه
“The exalted king entered the royal palace and sat upon the renowned throne.”
#72
ز دینار چینی ز بهر نثار
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بیاورد فغفور چین صد هزار
“As an offering of homage, the Faghor of China presented one hundred thousand Chinese dinars.”
#73
همی بود بر پیش او بر به پای
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ابا مرزبانان فرخنده رای
“He remained standing respectfully in his presence, accompanied by wise and auspicious marchlords.”
#74
به چین اندرون بود خسرو سه ماه
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ابا نامداران ایران سپاه
“Khosrow remained in China for three months, together with the famous paladins of the Iranian army.”
#75
پرستنده فغفور هر بامداد
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همی نو به نو شاه را هدیه داد
“Every morning, the devoted Faghor bestowed fresh gifts upon the Shah.”
#76
چهارم ز چین شاه ایران براند
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به مکران شد و رستم آنجا بماند
“In the fourth month, the King of Iran departed China for Makran, while Rostam stayed behind.”
#77
بیامد چو نزدیک مکران رسید
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ز لشکر جهاندیده‌ای برگزید
“When he drew near Makran, he chose a battle-seasoned envoy from among his army.”
#78
بر شاه مکران فرستاد و گفت
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که با شهریاران خرد باد جفت
“He dispatched him to the King of Makran, saying: 'May wisdom be the companion of sovereigns!'”
#79
خورش ساز راه سپاه مرا
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به خوبی بیارای گاه مرا
“'Prepare provisions for the journey of my host, and honorably welcome my royal dignity.'”
#80
نگه کن که ما از کجا رفته‌ایم
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نه مستیم و بیراه و نه خفته‌ایم
“'Consider the vast distance we have marched; we are neither drunk, nor straying, nor asleep.'”
#81
جهان روشن از تاج و بخت منست
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سر مهتران زیر تخت منست
“'The world is illuminated by my crown and fortune; the heads of great lords lie beneath my throne.'”
#82
برند آنگهی دست چیز کسان
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مگر من نباشم به هر کس رسان
“'My soldiers lay hands on others' goods only if I fail to provide for each of them.'”
#83
علف چون نیابند جنگ آورند
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جهان بر بداندیش تنگ آورند
“'If they find no provender, they will wage war and constrain the world for the ill-disposed.'”
#84
ور ایدون که گفتار من نشنوی
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به خون فراوان کس اندر شوی
“'If you do not heed my counsel, you will become responsible for the blood of many men.'”
#85
همه شهر مکران تو ویران کنی
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چو بر کینه آهنگ شیران کنی
“'You will lay waste to all the city of Makran if you seek to arouse the wrath of lions.'”
#86
فرستاده آمد پیامش بداد
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نبد بر دلش جای پیغام و داد
“The envoy arrived and delivered his message, but in the king's heart there was no place for counsel or justice.”
#87
سر بی خرد زان سخن خیره شد
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بجوشید و مغزش از آن تیره شد
“His foolish head grew arrogant at those words; his blood boiled and his mind grew dark.”
#88
پراگنده لشکر همه گرد کرد
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بیاراست بر دشت جای نبرد
“He gathered all his scattered forces and arrayed the battlefield upon the plain.”
#89
فرستاده را گفت برگرد و رو
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به نزدیک آن بدگمان باز شو
“He said to the envoy: 'Turn back and go; return unto that mistrustful king!'”
#90
بگویش که از گردش تیره روز
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تو گشتی چنین شاد و گیتی فروز
“'Tell him: "It is only by the turn of dark Fortune that you have become so joyful and world-illuminating."'”
#91
ببینی چو آیی ز ما دستبرد
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بدانی که مردان کدامند و گرد
“'When you arrive, you shall witness our prowess, and learn who true men and heroes are!'”

Distich Annotation & Lore

English Translation:

Modern Interpretation:

Literary & Narrative Dimensions:
Entities Identified:
The Guide
Companion of Epic Lore & Ferdowsi’s Shahnameh
Greetings, seeker of ancient lore! I am The Guide, your companion through the heroes, monarchs, mythical creatures, and timeless verses of the Shahnameh. Ask me anything about the epic tradition.
Suggested inquiries: