🦅 IRANLORE | ایران‌نامه
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Historical Era (Parthian & Sasanian)

Anooshirvan

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41 distichs in this chapter
Click any distich to open the interactive annotation drawer.
The Division of the Realm into Four Quarters and Fiscal Reforms
#1
چو نوشین‌روان این سخن برگرفت
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جهانی ازو مانده اندر شگفت
“When Nushin-Ravan concluded this discourse, the whole world remained in sheer wonder at him.”
#2
همه یک سر از جای برخاستند
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برو آفرین نو آراستند
“Everyone rose together from their seats, offering new praises upon him.”
#3
شهنشاه دانندگان را بخواند
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سخنهای گیتی سراسر براند
“The King of Kings summoned the learned men and discussed the affairs of the entire world with them.”
#4
جهان را ببخشید بر چار بهر
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وزو نامزد کرد آبادشهر
“He divided the world into four quarters, designating prosperous cities within each.”
#5
نخستین خراسان ازو یاد کرد
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دل نامداران بدو شاد کرد
“First, he made mention of Khorasan, bringing joy to the hearts of the nobles there.”
#6
دگر بهره زان بد قم و اصفهان
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نهاد بزرگان و جای مهان
“The second share comprised Qom and Isfahan, the ancient seat of nobles and the dwelling of the great.”
#7
وزین بهره بود آذرابادگان
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که بخشش نهادند آزادگان
“And to this second share belonged Azerbaijan, where noblemen established the governance.”
#8
وز ارمینیه تا در اردبیل
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بپیمود بینادل و بوم گیل
“And stretching from Armenia to the gates of Ardabil, the insightful king surveyed the land of Gilan.”
#9
سیوم پارس و اهواز و مرز خزر
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ز خاور ورا بود تا باختر
“The third quarter encompassed Pars, Ahvaz, and the Khazar marches, spanning from East to West.”
#10
چهارم عراق آمد و بوم روم
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چنین پادشاهی و آباد بوم
“The fourth quarter was Iraq and the domain of Rome; such was the kingdom and its flourishing lands.”
#11
وزین مرزها هرک درویش بود
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نیازش به رنج تن خویش بود
“Whosoever in these regions was poor and constrained to hard physical labor for his daily bread,”
#12
ببخشید آگنده گنجی برین
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جهانی برو خواندند آفرین
“The king bestowed filled treasuries upon them, such that the world sang his praises.”
#13
ز شاهان هرآنکس که بد پیش ازوی
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اگر کم بدش گاه اگر بیش ازوی
“As for former kings who ruled before him, whether their reign was short or long,”
#14
بجستند بهره ز کشت و درود
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نرستست کس پیش ازین نابسود
“They extracted their share from sowing and harvesting; none before this had left a crop untaxed.”
#15
سه یک بود یا چار یک بهر شاه
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قباد آمد و ده یک آورد راه
“The king's share used to be a third or a fourth; then Qobad came and reduced it to a tithe.”
#16
زده یک بر آن بد که کمتر کند
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بکوشد که کهتر چو مهتر کند
“Qobad intended that the tithe be reduced even further, striving to elevate the humble like the great.”
#17
زمانه ندادش بران بر درنگ
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به دریا بس ایمن مشو بر نهنگ
“Yet time gave him no respite for that—for one must not rest too secure near a whale in the sea.”
#18
به کسری رسید آن سزاوار تاج
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ببخشید بر جای ده یک خراج
“The crown fell to Khosrow, who established a fair tithe tax across the land.”
#19
شدند انجمن بخردان و ردان
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بزرگان و بیداردل موبدان
“The wise men, noble chiefs, and vigilant priests gathered together in council.”
#20
همه پادشاهان شدند انجمن
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زمین را ببخشید و برزد رسن
“All local rulers assembled; they divided the land and laid down measuring ropes to survey it.”
#21
گزیتی نهادند بر یک درم
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گر ای دون که دهقان نباشد دژم
“They fixed a poll tax of one dirham, provided the landowner was not distressed.”
#22
کسی را کجا تخم گر چارپای
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به هنگام ورزش نبودی بجای
“If anyone lacked seed or draft animals at the time of plowing,”
#23
ز گنج شهنشاه برداشتی
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وگرنه زمین خوار بگذاشتی
“He was supplied from the Shahanshah's treasury; otherwise, the land would lie neglected.”
#24
بنا کشته اندر نبودی سخن
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پراگنده شد رسمهای کهن
“Uncultivated land was not taxed, and ancient oppressive customs were scattered to the wind.”
#25
گزیت رز بارور شش درم
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به خرما ستان بر همین بد رقم
“The tax for a fertile vine was six dirhams, and the same rate was fixed for date palm groves.”
#26
ز زیتون و جوز و ز هر میوه‌دار
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که در مهرگان شاخ بودی ببار
“For olive, walnut, and every fruit-bearing tree that bore fruit by the festival of Mehregan,”
#27
ز ده بن درمی رسیدی به گنج
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نبوید جزین تا سر سال رنج
“For every ten trees, one dirham reached the treasury; beyond this annual toil, nothing more was demanded.”
#28
وزین خوردنیهای خردادماه
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نکردی به کار اندرون کس نگاه
“As for minor crops harvested in the month of Khordad, no official laid taxes upon them.”
#29
کسی کش درم بود و دهقان نبود
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ندیدی غم رنج و کشت و درود
“Whoever possessed dirhams but was not a farmer suffered no hardship of sowing and reaping.”
#30
بر اندازه از ده درم تا چهار
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بسالی ازو بستدی کاردار
“According to status, the official collected between four to ten dirhams annually from such persons.”
#31
کسی بر کدیور نکردی ستم
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به سالی به سه بهره بود این درم
“No official oppressed the farmer; this money was paid in three installments per year.”
#32
گزارنده بودی به دیوان شاه
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ازین باژ بهری به هر چار ماه
“They delivered a share of this tribute to the royal court every four months.”
#33
دبیر و پرستندهٔ شهریار
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نبودی به دیوان کسی زین شمار
“Scribes and servants of the king were exempt from this tax registry.”
#34
گزیت و خراج آنچ بد نام برد
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بسه روزنامه به موبد سپرد
“The king recorded the specifics of poll tax and land tax in three ledgers and entrusted them to the Mobad.”
#35
یکی آنک بر دست گنجور بود
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نگهبان آن نامه دستور بود
“One copy remained in the hands of the treasurer, guarded under the watch of the minister.”
#36
دگر تا فرستد به هر کشوری
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به هر نامداری و هر مهتری
“Another copy was sent to every province, to every noble ruler and chieftain.”
#37
سه دیگر که نزدیک موبد برند
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گزیت و سر باژها بشمرند
“The third copy was brought before the High Priest to count the totals of poll tax and tribute.”
#38
به فرمان او بود کاری که بود
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ز باژ و خراج و ز کشت و درود
“Under his command rested every detail concerning tribute, land tax, sowing, and harvest.”
#39
پراگنده کاراگهان در جهان
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که تا نیک و بد زو نماند نهان
“Secret intelligence agents were scattered across the world so that neither good nor evil remained hidden from him.”
#40
همه روی گیتی پر از داد کرد
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بهرجای ویرانی آباد کرد
“He filled the face of the earth with justice, turning every ruined place into prosperity.”
#41
بخفتند بر دشت خرد و بزرگ
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به آبشخور آمد همی میش و گرگ
“The small and great slept safely in the open plains, and the sheep and wolf came to drink at the same stream.”

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