🦅 IRANLORE | ایران‌نامه
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Heroic Era (Kianian)

Mahmood

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127 distichs in this chapter
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The Single Combat of Kay Khosrow and Shideh: The Fall of the Turanian Prince
As the azure veil of night dissolved into the golden radiance of dawn, Shideh—the fiery prince of Turan and son of Afrasiab—mounted his warhorse, his heart inflamed with the pride of youth and battle. Clad in armor of steel with a royal helm upon his head, he advanced between the opposing lines like a hunting leopard, brandishing his banner.

When word reached Kay Khosrow, the King of Iran smiled and called for his own armor. He raised the majestic banner of Iran, donned his golden helmet, and entrusted the royal standard and command of the host to Rohham, son of Goudarz. The Iranian warriors wept in anguish, begging their monarch not to risk his divine person in battle. But Kay Khosrow commanded his host to stand firm under Rohham's command, reminding them that the wheel of fortune elevates at times and casts down at others.

Mounting Shabrang Behzad, the peerless black steed that once belonged to Siyavash, Kay Khosrow rode forth. Upon meeting between the armies, Shideh sighed and addressed him: 'O wise son of Siyavash, had you heeded wisdom, you would not have brought this war upon yourself. If you seek combat, let us ride far from both armies to a place where no reinforcements can reach us.' Kay Khosrow replied: 'I am the grief-stricken son of innocent Siyavash, and I have come to this plain not for crown or jewels, but for vengeance.'

Bound by their solemn pledge, the two champions rode deep into the arid wastes of Khwarazm—a desolate wilderness so bleak that no eagle flew across its sky nor leopard set paw upon its parched rocks. There, like ravenous wolves, they clashed. First they charged with long spears until the tips shattered and the horse-trappings ran with sweat. Then they wielded heavy Roman maces, razor swords, and lethal arrows, turning the desert air dark with swirling dust.
#1
چو روشن شد آن چادر لاژورد
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جهان شد به کردار یاقوت زرد
“When that azure curtain turned bright, the world became like a yellow ruby.”
#2
نشست از بر اسب جنگی پشنگ
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ز باد جوانی سرش پر ز جنگ
“Pashang (Shideh) mounted his warhorse, his head filled with war from the wind of youth.”
#3
به  جوشن بپوشید روشن برش
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ز آهن کلاه کیان بر سرش
“He covered his bright chest with mail and placed a royal steel helmet upon his head.”
#4
درفشش یکی ترک جنگی به چنگ
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خرامان بیامد به سان پلنگ
“Grasping his warlike Turanian banner, he came proudly strutting like a leopard.”
#5
چو آمد به نزدیک ایران سپاه
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یکی نامداری بشد نزد شاه
“When he drew near the host of Iran, a chieftain went before the king.”
#6
که آمد سواری میان دو صف
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سرافراز و جوشان و تیغی به کف
“And reported: 'A rider has come between the two ranks, proud and seething, blade in hand.'”
#7
بخندید از او شاه و جوشن بخواست
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درفش بزرگی برآورد راست
“The King laughed at his words and called for his coat of mail, raising high the great banner.”
#8
یکی ترگ زرین به سر بر نهاد
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درفشش به رهام گودرز داد
“He placed a golden helm upon his head and gave his banner to Rohham, son of Goudarz.”
#9
همه لشکرش زار و گریان شدند
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چو بر آتش تیز بریان شدند
“All his army began to weep sorely, as though roasted upon a sharp fire.”
#10
خروشی بر آمد که ای شهریار
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به آهن تن خویش رنجه مدار
“A cry arose: 'O Monarch, do not afflict your body with heavy iron armor!'”
#11
شهان را همه تخت بودی نشست
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که بر کین کمر بر میان تو بست
“'Kings belong upon the throne; why do you gird your waist for vengeance in person?'”
#12
که جز خاک تیره نشستش مباد
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به هیچ آرزو کام و دستش مباد
“'May he who sought this combat have no seat but dark dust, and never attain his desire!'”
#13
سپهدار با جوشن و گرز و خود
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به لشکر فرستاد چندی درود
“The commander, arrayed in armor, mace, and helm, sent many greetings to his troops.”
#14
که یک تن مجنبید ز این رزمگاه
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چپ و راست و قلب و جناح سپاه
“Saying: 'Let no man move from this battlefield—neither left flank, right flank, center, nor wings.'”
#15
نباید که جوید کسی جنگ و جوش
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به رهام گودرز دارید گوش
“'Let no one seek to rush into battle; keep your ears attentive to Rohham, son of Goudarz.'”
#16
چو خورشید بر چرخ گردد بلند
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ببینید تا بر که آید گزند
“'When the sun mounts high in the heavens, see upon whom harm shall fall.'”
#17
شما هیچ دل را مدارید تنگ
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چنینست آغاز و فرجام جنگ
“'Do not distress your hearts at all; such is the beginning and the end of war.'”
#18
گهی بر فراز و گهی در نشیب
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گهی شادکامی گهی با نهیب
“'At times on the heights, at times in the depths; at times joyful, and at times terrifying.'”
#19
برانگیخت شبرنگ بهزاد را
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که دریافتی روز تگ باد را
“He spurred Shabrang Behzad, the steed that could overtake the wind on the day of racing.”
#20
میان بسته با نیزه و خود و گبر
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همی گرد اسبش بر آمد به ابر
“Girt with spear, helmet, and coat of mail, dust from his steed's hooves rose to the clouds.”
#21
میان دو صف شیده او را بدید
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یکی باد سرد از جگر بر کشید
“Between the two ranks, Shideh saw him and drew a cold breath from his chest.”
#22
بدو گفت پور سیاوش رد
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توی ای پسندیدهٔ پرخرد
“He said to him: 'O noble son of Siyavash, you who are approved and full of wisdom,'”
#23
نبیره جهاندار توران سپاه
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که ساید همی ترگ بر چرخ ماه
“'Grandson of the ruler of Turan's army, whose helmet brushes the wheel of the moon,'”
#24
جز آنی که بر تو گمانی برد
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جهاندیده‌ای کو خرد پرورد
“'You are other than what any experienced man who nurtures wisdom would suspect of you.'”
#25
اگر مغز بودیت با خال خویش
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نکردی چنین جنگ را دست پیش
“'Had you wisdom like your uncle, you would not have initiated such a battle.'”
#26
اگر جنگ‌جویی ز پیش سپاه
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برو دور بگزین یکی رزمگاه
“'If you seek battle ahead of the army, go choose a battlefield far away,'”
#27
کز ایران و توران نبینند کس
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نخواهیم یاران فریادرس
“'Where no one from Iran or Turan shall see us, nor shall we want helper or rescuer.'”
#28
چنین داد پاسخ بدو شهریار
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که ای شیر درنده در کارزار
“The King answered him: 'O fierce lion in the midst of battle,'”
#29
منم داغ‌دل پور آن بیگناه
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سیاوش که شد کشته بر دست شاه
“'I am the sorrow-stricken son of innocent Siyavash, slain at the hands of the king.'”
#30
بدین دشت از ایران به کین آمدم
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نه از بهر گاه و نگین آمدم
“'I have come to this plain from Iran for vengeance, not for throne or jewel.'”
#31
ز پیش پدر چون که برخاستی
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ز لشکر نبرد مرا خواستی
“'When you stood up before your father, you demanded battle with me from the army.'”
#32
مرا خواستی کس نبودی روا
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که پیشت فرستادمی ناسزا
“'Since you sought me, it was not fitting that I should send someone unworthy before you.'”
#33
کنون آرزو کن یکی رزمگاه
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به دیدار دور از میان سپاه
“'Now choose a battlefield far from the eyes of both armies.'”
#34
نهادند پیمان که از هر دو روی
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به یاری نیاید کسی کینه‌جوی
“They made a covenant that neither side should send a vengeful warrior to aid.”
#35
هم اینها که دارند با ما درفش
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ز بد روی ایشان نگردد بنفش
“'Nor shall those who bear our banners turn purple with ill fortune.'”
#36
برفتند هر دو ز لشکر به دور
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چنانچون شود مرد شادان به سور
“They both rode far from the armies, as a man goes joyfully to a feast.”
#37
بیابان که آن از در رزم بود
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بدان جایگه مرز خوارزم بود
“A desert fit for battle, situated upon the marches of Khwarazm.”
#38
رسیدند جایی که شیر و پلنگ
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بدان شخ بی آب ننهاد چنگ
“They reached a place where neither lion nor leopard set claw upon its waterless rocks.”
#39
نپرید بر آسمانش عقاب
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از او بهره‌ای شخ و بهری سراب
“No eagle flew in its sky; part was dry rock and part was mirage.”
#40
نهادند آوردگاهی بزرگ
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دو اسب و دو جنگی به سان دو گرگ
“They set up a great battlefield, two steeds and two warriors like two wolves.”
#41
سواران چو شیران اخته زهار
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که باشند پر خشم روز شکار
“Riders like fiery lions, full of rage on the day of the hunt.”
#42
بگشتند با نیزه‌های دراز
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چو خورشید تابنده گشت از فراز
“They circled each other with long spears as the shining sun rose high.”
#43
نماند ایچ بر نیزه‌هاشان سنان
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پر از آب برگستوان و عنان
“No spearheads remained intact upon their shafts, and armors and reins ran with sweat.”
#44
به رومی عمود و به شمشیر و تیر
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بگشتند با یکدگر ناگزیر
“With Roman maces, swords, and arrows, they fought perforce against one another.”
#45
زمین شد ز گرد سواران سیاه
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نگشتند سیر اندر آوردگاه
“The ground grew black from the dust of the riders, yet they grew not sated with the arena.”
#46
چو شیده دل و زور خسرو بدید
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ز مژگان سرشکش به رخ برچکید
“When Shideh witnessed Keykhosrow's courage and immense strength, tears fell from his eyelashes down onto his cheeks.”
#47
بدانست کان فره ایزدیست
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از او بر تن خویش باید گریست
“He realized that this was divine glory, and that he ought to weep for his own fate and body.”
#48
همان اسبش از تشنگی شد غمی
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به نیروی مرد اندر آمد کمی
“His horse grew weary and faint from thirst, and the warrior's own strength began to wane.”
#49
چو درمانده شد با دل اندیشه کرد
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که گر شاه را گویم اندر نبرد
“Desperate and helpless, he pondered in his heart: 'If I address the King in battle and propose—'”
#50
بیا تا به کشتی پیاده شویم
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ز خوی هر دو آهار داده شویم
“'Come, let us dismount to wrestle on foot, until we both are drenched and softened by sweat,'”
#51
پیاده نگردد که عار آیدش
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ز شاهی تن خویش خوار آیدش
“'He will refuse to dismount out of pride, deeming it beneath his royal majesty.'”
#52
بدین چاره گر ز او نیابم رها
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شدم بی گمان در دم اژدها
“'If I cannot find escape through this ruse, I shall surely be swallowed by the dragon's jaws.'”
#53
بدو گفت شاها به تیغ و سنان
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کند هر کسی جنگ و پیچد عنان
“He called to Keykhosrow: 'O King! Anyone can fight with sword and spear and turn their reins;”
#54
پیاده به آید که جوییم جنگ
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به کردار شیران بیازیم چنگ
“'It is far better to seek battle on foot, extending our claws like ferocious lions!'”
#55
جهاندار خسرو هم اندر زمان
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بدانست اندیشهٔ بدگمان
“King Keykhosrow instantly perceived the deceitful thought of his suspicious foe.”
#56
به دل گفت کاین شیر با زور و چنگ
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نبیره فریدون و پور پشنگ
“He thought to himself: 'This lion with formidable claws, descendant of Fereydoun and son of Pashang—'”
#57
گر آسوده گردد تن آسان کند
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بسی شیر دل را هراسان کند
“'If he catches his breath and rests, he will strike terror into many a lion-hearted warrior.'”
#58
اگر من پیاده نگردم به جنگ
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به ایرانیان بر کند جای تنگ
“'Yet if I refuse to fight him on foot, he will make things shamefully narrow for the Iranians.'”
#59
بدو گفت رهام کای تاجور
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بدین کار ننگی مگردان گهر
“Rohham said to him: 'O crowned King! Bring no dishonor upon your noble lineage by doing this!'”
#60
چو خسرو پیاده کند کارزار
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چه باید بر این دشت چندین سوار
“'If King Khosrow himself dismounts to fight, what need is there for all these horsemen on the plain?'”
#61
اگر پای بر خاک باید نهاد
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من از تخم کشواد دارم نژاد
“'If someone must set foot upon the soil, I am of the lineage of Kashvad!'”
#62
بمان تا شوم پیش او جنگ‌ساز
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نه شاه جهاندار گردن فراز
“'Let me step forward to do battle with him, not the exalted sovereign of the world!'”
#63
به رهام گفت آن زمان شهریار
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که ای مهربان پهلوان سوار
“The King then answered Rohham: 'O kind and valiant knight,”
#64
چو شیده دلاور ز تخم پشنگ
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چنان دان که با تو نیاید به جنگ
“'Know that a champion like Shideh, born of Pashang's line, will never consent to fight with you.'”
#65
ترا نیز با رزم او پای نیست
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به ترکان چون او لشکر آرای نیست
“'Nor can you withstand his assault; among the Turks there is no commander like him.'”
#66
یکی مرد جنگی فریدون نژاد
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که چون او دلاور ز مادر نزاد
“'He is a warrior of Fereydoun's seed; no mother ever gave birth to a brave like him.'”
#67
نباشد مرا ننگ رفتن به جنگ
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پیاده بسازیم جنگ پلنگ
“'It is no shame for me to enter combat; on foot we shall wage a fierce panther-like fight!'”
#68
وزان سو بر شیده شد ترجمان
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که دوری گزین از بد بدگمان
“Meanwhile, an interpreter urged Shideh: 'Steer clear of evil and ill fate!”
#69
جز از بازگشتن ترا رای نیست
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که با جنگ خسرو ترا پای نیست
“'You have no choice but to turn back, for you cannot withstand Keykhosrow in battle!'”
#70
به هنگام کردن ز دشمن گریز
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به از کشتن و جستن رستخیز
“'To flee from the enemy at the right moment is better than being slain and seeking resurrection!'”
#71
بدان نامور ترجمان شیده گفت
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که آورد مردان نشاید نهفت
“Shideh replied to that famous interpreter: 'The combat of real men cannot be concealed or avoided!”
#72
چنان دان که تا من ببستم کمر
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همی برفرازم به خورشید سر
“'Know that ever since I girded my belt for war, I have held my head high up to the sun!'”
#73
بدین زور و این فره و دستبرد
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ندیدم به آوردگه نیز گرد
“'With this strength, glory, and mastery, I have never turned back defeated on the field.'”
#74
ولیکن ستودان مرا از گریز
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به آید چو گیرم به کاری ستیز
“'Yet the grave is far better for me than fleeing when I engage in battle!'”
#75
هم از گردش چرخ بر بگذرم
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وگر دیدهٔ اژدها بسپرم
“'I shall defy even the turning wheel of heaven, though I tread upon the dragon's eye!'”
#76
گر ایدر مرا هوش بر دست اوست
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نه دشمن ز من باز دارد نه دوست
“'If my doom here is destined by his hand, neither friend nor foe can stay me!'”
#77
ندانم من این زور مردی ز چیست
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بر این نامور فره ایزدیست
“'I know not where his mighty valor springs from, but upon this famed monarch rests divine glory.'”
#78
پیاده مگر دست یابم بدوی
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به پیکار خون اندر آرم به جوی
“'Perchance on foot I may gain the upper hand over him and make rivers of blood flow in combat!'”
#79
به شیده چنین گفت شاه جهان
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که ای نامدار از نژاد مهان
“The Lord of the World spoke thus to Shideh: 'O famous warrior of noble lineage!”
#80
ز تخم کیان بی گمان کس نبود
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که هرگز پیاده نبرد آزمود
“'Doubtless among the noble Kayanid seed, no king has ever tested single combat on foot!'”
#81
ولیکن ترا گر چنینست کام
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نپیچم ز رای تو هرگز لگام
“Yet if this be thy heart's desire, I shall never turn my rein away from thy counsel.”
#82
فرود آمد از اسب شبرنگ شاه
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ز سر برگرفت آن کیانی کلاه
“The King dismounted from his jet-black steed and removed that royal Kayanid crown from his head.”
#83
به رهام داد آن گرانمایه اسب
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پیاده بیامد چو آذرگشسب
“He gave that noble charger unto Rohham, advancing on foot like Azargashasp.”
#84
پیاده چو از دور دیدش پشنگ
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فرود آمد از باره جنگی پلنگ
“When Shideh saw him from afar on foot, that war-leopard dismounted from his charger as well.”
#85
به هامون چو پیلان بر آویختند
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همی خاک با خون برآمیختند
“Upon the plain they grappled like mighty elephants, mingling dust with blood in their fierce conflict.”
#86
چو شیده بدید آن بر و برز شاه
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همان ایزدی فر و آن دستگاه
“When Shideh beheld the King's majestic stature, his divine glory, and his royal splendour,”
#87
همی جست کآید مگر ز او رها
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که چون سر بشد تن نیارد بها
“He sought peradventure to flee from him, for once the head is gone, the body holds no worth.”
#88
چو آگاه شد خسرو از رای اوی
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وز آن زور و آن برز بالای اوی
“When Khosrow grew aware of his intent, and of his strength and lofty stature,”
#89
گرفتش به چپ گردن و راست پشت
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برآورد و زد بر زمین بر درشت
“He seized his neck with the left hand and his back with the right, lifted him up and dashed him hard to the ground.”
#90
همه مهرهٔ پشت او همچو نی
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شد از درد ریزان و بگسست پی
“All the vertebrae of his spine snapped like reeds, crumbling in pain as his sinews burst asunder.”
#91
یکی تیغ تیز از میان بر کشید
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سراسر دل نامور بر درید
“The King drew a sharp blade from his waist and tore completely open the heart of that famous warrior.”
#92
بر او کرد جوشن همه چاک چاک
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همی ریخت بر تارک از درد خاک
“He shredded his coat of mail into pieces and, stricken with grief, poured dust upon his own head.”
#93
به رهام گفت این بد بدسگال
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دلیر و سبکسر مرا بود خال
“He said to Rohham: 'Though this evil-wisher was fierce and rash, he was nonetheless my uncle.'”
#94
پس از کشتنش مهربانی کنید
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یکی دخمهٔ خسروانی کنید
“'After his death, show kindness unto him and prepare a tomb fit for a king.'”
#95
تنش را به مشک و عبیر و گلاب
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بشویید مغزش به کافور ناب
“'Wash his body with musk, ambergris, and rosewater, and treat his brain with pure camphor.'”
#96
به گردنش بر طوق مشکین نهید
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کله بر سرش عنبرآگین نهید
“'Place a musky torque upon his neck and put a crown perfumed with amber upon his head.'”
#97
نگه کرد پس ترجمانش ز راه
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بدید آن تن نامبردار شاه
“Then Shideh's interpreter looked along the road and saw the fallen body of that renowned prince.”
#98
که با خون از آن ریگ برداشتند
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سوی لشکر شاه بگذاشتند
“They lifted him covered in blood from that sand and carried him toward the King's host.”
#99
بیامد خروشان به نزدیک شاه
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که ای نامور دادگر پیشگاه
“The interpreter came weeping unto the King, crying: 'O renowned and just sovereign!'”
#100
یکی بنده بودم من او را نوان
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نه جنگی سواری و نه پهلوان
“'I was but a feeble servant unto him, neither a fighting horseman nor a champion warrior.'”
#101
به من بر ببخشای شاها به مهر
✦
که از جان تو شاد بادا سپهر
“'Grant me thy mercy, O King, and may the heavens be ever joyful because of thy life!'”
#102
بدو گفت شاه آنچه دیدی ز من
✦
نیا را بگوی اندر آن انجمن
“The King answered him: 'Relate all that thou hast seen of me unto my grandfather in that assembly.'”
#103
زمین را ببوسید و کرد آفرین
✦
بسیچید ره سوی سالار چین
“He kissed the ground, offered praises, and made ready to depart toward the ruler of Turan.”
#104
وز آن دشت کیخسرو کینه‌جوی
✦
سوی لشکر خویش بنهاد روی
“And from that battlefield, the vengeance-seeking Kay Khosrow turned his face toward his own army.”
#105
خروشی بر آمد ز ایران سپاه
✦
که بخشایش آورد خورشید و ماه
“A roar of triumph arose from the Iranian army, declaring that the sun and moon had bestowed grace upon them.”
#106
بیامد همانگاه گودرز و گیو
✦
چو شیدوش و رستم چو گرگین نیو
“Straightway came Goudarz and Giv, with Sheidoush and Rostam, and brave Gurgin.”
#107
همه بوسه دادند پیشش زمین
✦
بسی شاه را خواندند آفرین
“They all kissed the ground before him, bestowing endless praise and blessings upon the King.”
#108
وز آن روی ترکان دو دیده به راه
✦
که شیده کی آید ز آوردگاه
“Meanwhile, the Turks kept their eyes fixed upon the road, waiting to see when Shideh would return from the field.”
#109
سواری همی شد بر آن ریگ نرم
✦
برهنه سر و دیده پر خون و گرم
“A single rider came riding over the soft sand, bareheaded, with weeping eyes filled with blood and hot tears.”
#110
بیامد به نزدیک افراسیاب
✦
دل از درد خسته دو دیده پر آب
“He came into the presence of Afrasiab, his heart wounded with sorrow and his eyes filled with tears.”
#111
برآورد پوشیده راز از نهفت
✦
همه پیش سالار ترکان بگفت
“He revealed the hidden secret and recounted everything before the leader of the Turks.”
#112
جهاندار گشت از جهان ناامید
✦
بکند آن چو کافور موی سپید
“The ruler of the world grew hopeless of life, and tore out his white hair, pale as camphor.”
#113
به سر بر پراگند ریگ روان
✦
ز لشکر برفت آن که بد پهلوان
“He poured shifting sand upon his head, and every noble champion departed from the army in grief.”
#114
رخ شاه ترکان هر آن کس که دید
✦
بر و جامه و دل همه بردرید
“Whosoever beheld the countenance of the King of the Turks tore his garments, his breast, and his heart in anguish.”
#115
چنین گفت با مویه افراسیاب
✦
کز این پس نه آرام جویم نه خواب
“Thus spoke Afrasiab amid his lamentation: 'Henceforth I shall seek neither rest nor slumber!'”
#116
مرا اندر این سوگ یاری کنید
✦
همه تن به تن سوگواری کنید
“Join me in this grief and aid my lamentation; let every one of you mourn body to body in shared despair.”
#117
نه بیند سر تیغ ما را نیام
✦
نه هرگز بوم ز این سپس شادکام
“The point of my sword shall know no scabbard again, nor shall I ever taste joy or content from this day forth.”
#118
ز مردم شمر ار ز دام و دده
✦
دلی کاو نباشد به درد آژده
“Whether man, wild beast, or bird of the field, wretched is any heart that is not pierced through with this woe.”
#119
مبادا بدان دیده در آب و شرم
✦
که از درد ما نیست پر خون گرم
“May that eye be devoid of tear and honor which does not weep warm tears of blood for our suffering.”
#120
از آن ماه‌دیدار جنگی سوار
✦
از آن سروبن بر لب جویبار
“Weeping for that moon-visaged warrior knight, for that stately cypress felled beside the stream.”
#121
همی ریخت از دیده خونین سرشک
✦
ز دردی که درمان نداند پزشک
“Tears of blood poured continuously from his eyes, born of an anguish for which no physician knows a cure.”
#122
همه نامداران پاسخ‌گزار
✦
زبان برگشادند بر شهریار
“Then all the illustrious warlords gathered around, opening their lips to answer the sovereign:”
#123
که این دادگر بر تو آسان کناد
✦
بداندیش را دل هراسان کناد
“'May the God of Justice ease this burden upon thee, and strike terror into the heart of thy malignant foe!'”
#124
ز ما نیز یک تن نسازد درنگ
✦
شب و روز بر درد و کین پشنگ
“'Not one among us shall delay for an instant, dedicated night and day to grief and the vengeance of Pashang!'”
#125
سپه را همه دل خروشان کنیم
✦
به آوردگه بر سر افشان کنیم
“'We shall fire the hearts of the entire host, and sacrifice our very heads upon the field of battle!'”
#126
ز خسرو نبد پیش از این کینه چیز
✦
کنون کینه بر کین بیفزود نیز
“'Our anger against Khosrow was deep enough before; now fresh vengeance has been piled upon the old!'”
#127
سپه دل شکسته شد از بهر شاه
✦
خروشان و جوشان همه رزمگاه
“The army's heart was shattered for their monarch's sake, and the entire battlefield seethed with clamor and grief.”

Distich Annotation & Lore

English Translation:

Modern Interpretation:

Literary & Narrative Dimensions:
Entities Identified:
The Guide
Companion of Epic Lore & Ferdowsi’s Shahnameh
Greetings, seeker of ancient lore! I am The Guide, your companion through the heroes, monarchs, mythical creatures, and timeless verses of the Shahnameh. Ask me anything about the epic tradition.
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