🦅 IRANLORE | ایران‌نامه
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Heroic Era (Kianian)

Mahmood

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95 distichs in this chapter
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In Praise of Sultan Mahmud
Praise be unto the Creator of the Universe, and blessings upon that exalted monarch whose head adorns the crown, throne, and signet ring of royalty. He is a sovereign whose treasuries groan with the sheer abundance of his bounties, and whose glorious name elevates the very concept of majesty. His infinite armies sweep from sea to sea, and the wide world abides peacefully beneath the radiant shadow of his royal crown. He is the master of renown, the possessor of uncounted treasure, and the lord of the blade, coat of mail, and martial triumph; no mine exists upon the earth that has not recited the decree of his limitless generosity. In the banquet hall he lays open vast riches, and upon the field of battle his discerning eye perceives the deepest trials of warfare.

The boughs of faith and wisdom bear fruit under his noble guidance, and his thoughts are perpetually shielded by the Divine Creator. When he draws his sharp sword, he awakens a resurrection throughout the earth, stripping wealth from enemies to bestow upon allies, with the victorious God as his supreme helper. In feast he is an ocean of munificence, and in fight a lion with the countenance of the sun. Earth, water, and the sun itself bear witness that the world has never seen a king his equal in effort, bounty, and heroic renown. His fury strikes fear into the very stars, and his army is so densely packed that even the wind finds no passage between their ranks, preceded by seven hundred war elephants with God and Gabriel as his guardians.

King Mahmud, who brings the heads of the arrogant down to the dust and decorates the turning sky with his reign, preserves the world with justice and intellect. Amidst this cosmic grandeur, the aging poet—having endured sixty-five years of hardship and toil, seeing his raven locks turn to camphor white—finds solace in rearing this monumental epic. Joining his ancient book of true legends to the name of the sovereign, he erects a lofty palace of verse that neither wind nor rain can ever erode, ensuring his work remains an eternal testament for all generations possessing wisdom.
#1
ز یزدان بر آن شاه باد آفرین
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که نازد بدو تاج و تخت و نگین
“May praise from God attend that king by whom the crown, the throne, and the signet ring take pride!”
#2
که گنجش ز بخشش بنالد همی
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بزرگی ز نامش ببالد همی
“Whose treasury groans beneath his endless bounty, while greatness itself flourishes through his glorious name.”
#3
ز دریا به دریا سپاه وی است
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جهان زیر فر کلاه وی است
“His host stretches from sea to sea, and the wide world abides beneath the shadow of his crown's royal glory.”
#4
خداوند نام و خداوند گنج
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خداوند شمشیر و خفتان و رنج
“Master of renown and master of treasure, master of the sword, mail-coat, and battle-toil.”
#5
ز گیتی به کان اندرون زر نماند
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که منشور جود ورا بر نخواند
“No gold remained within the mines of the world that had not read the decree of his munificence.”
#6
به بزم اندرون گنج پیدا کند
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چو رزم آیدش رنج بینا کند
“In banquet he lays open treasures, and when battle comes, his eye is keen to every hardship.”
#7
به بار آورد شاخ دین و خرد
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گمانش به دانش خرد پرورد
“He brings the branch of faith and wisdom to fruit; his intellect nurtures deep knowledge.”
#8
به اندیشه از بی گزندان بود
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همیشه پناهش به یزدان بود
“Through holy contemplation he remains safe from harm, and his refuge is ever in God.”
#9
چو او مرز گیرد به شمشیر تیز
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بر انگیزد اندر جهان رستخیز
“When he seizes a realm with his sharp blade, he raises a resurrection throughout the world.”
#10
ز دشمن ستاند ببخشد به دوست
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خداوند پیروزگر یار اوست
“He strips wealth from the enemy to grant to his friend, and the victorious Lord is his ally.”
#11
بدان تیغزن دست گوهرفشان
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ز گیتی نجوید همی جز نشان
“From the jewel-scattering hand of that swordsman, the world seeks nothing but his noble mark.”
#12
که در بزم دریاش خواند سپهر
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به رزم اندرون شیر خورشید چهر
“In feast, the heavens call him an ocean; in fight, a lion with the sun's radiant face.”
#13
گواهی دهد بر زمین خاک و آب
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همان بر فلک چشمه آفتاب
“Earth, dust, and water bear witness below, as does the fountain of the sun in the heavens above,”
#14
که چون او ندیدست شاهی به جنگ
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نه در بخشش و کوشش و نام و ننگ
“That no king like him was ever seen in battle, nor in granting bounties, striving, or seeking honor.”
#15
اگر مهر با کین برآمیزدی
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ستاره ز خشمش بپرهیزدی
“If his favor were to mix with vengeance, even the stars would flee from his wrath.”
#16
تنش زورمندست و چندان سپاه
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که اندر میان باد را نیست راه
“His body is mighty and his host so dense that even the wind cannot find passage through them.”
#17
پس لشکرش هفتصد ژنده پیل
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خدای جهان یارش و جبرییل
“Behind his army march seven hundred giant war-elephants, with the God of the world and Gabriel as his helpers.”
#18
همی باژ خواهد ز هر مهتری
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ز هر نامداری و هر کشوری
“He exacts tribute from every prince, every famed chieftain, and every realm.”
#19
اگر باژ ندهند کشور دهند
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همان گنج و هم تخت و افسر دهند
“If they yield not tribute, they must yield their country, their treasures, throne, and crown.”
#20
که یارد گذشتن ز پیمان اوی
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و گر سر کشیدن ز فرمان اوی
“Who would dare break a covenant with him, or turn his head from his supreme command?”
#21
که در بزم گیتی بدو روشن است
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به رزم اندرون کوه در جوشن است
“The world's feast is brightened by him; in battle, he is a mountain clad in mail.”
#22
ابوالقاسم آن شهریار دلیر
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کجا گور بستاند از چنگ شیر
“Abul-Qasim, that courageous monarch who snatches the wild ass from the lion's very claws!”
#23
جهاندار محمود کاندر نبرد
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سر سرکشان اندر آرد به گرد
“Mahmud, master of the world, who in combat brings the heads of the defiant down to the dust.”
#24
جهان تا جهان باشد او شاه باد
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بلند اخترش افسر ماه باد
“As long as the world endures, may he reign king; may his exalted star be the crown of the moon!”
#25
که آرایش چرخ گردنده اوست
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به بزم اندرون ابر بخشنده اوست
“He is the ornament of the revolving sphere; in banquet, he is the rain-giving cloud of bounty.”
#26
خرد هستش و نیکنامی و داد
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جهان بی سر و افسر او مباد
“Wisdom is his, good name, and justice; may the world never be deprived of his royal head and crown!”
#27
سپاه و دل و گنج و دستور هست
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همان رزم و بزم و می و سور هست
“He possesses army, heart, treasure, and wise vizier; he holds both battle and feast, wine and celebration.”
#28
یکی فرش گسترده شد در جهان
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که هرگز نشانش نگردد نهان
“A carpet has been spread across the realm whose trace shall never vanish from the world,”
#29
کجا فرش را مسند و مرقد است
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نشستنگه نصر بن احمد است
“Where that carpet finds its throne and resting place—the seat of Nasr ibn Ahmad.”
#30
که این گونه آرام شاهی بدوست
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خرد در سر نامداران نکوست
“For through him the stability of kingship shines; wisdom is beautiful in the heads of the renowned.”
#31
نبد خسروان را چنو کدخدای
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بپرهیز دین و به رادی و رای
“No ancient king possessed such a grand vizier in piety of faith, generosity, and sound judgment.”
#32
گشاده زبان و دل و پاک دست
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پرستندهٔ شاه یزدان پرست
“Eloquent of speech, pure of heart, and open-handed—a worshipper of the God-fearing king.”
#33
ز دستور فرزانه و دادگر
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پراگنده رنج من آمد به بر
“Through that wise and just minister, my long effort has finally borne fruit.”
#34
بپیوستم این نامهٔ باستان
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پسندیده از دفتر راستان
“I composed this ancient chronicle, approved and chosen from the scroll of the truthful,”
#35
که تا روز پیری مرا بر دهد
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بزرگی و دینار و افسر دهد
“So that in my old age it may grant me yield—bestowing greatness, treasure, and honor.”
#36
ندیدم جهاندار بخشنده‌ای
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به تخت کیان بر درخشنده‌ای
“I saw no world-ruler so generous, shining upon the throne of the ancient Kianians.”
#37
همی داشتم تا کی آید پدید
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جوادی که جودش نخواهد کلید
“I waited long until such a liberal lord appeared, whose generosity requires no key.”
#38
نگهبان دین و نگهبان تاج
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فروزندهٔ افسر و تخت عاج
“Guardian of faith and guardian of the crown, illuminating the ivory throne and royal diadem.”
#39
به رزم دلیران توانا بود
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به چون و چرا نیز دانا بود
“Mighty in the battle of braves, and versed in every question of why and wherefore.”
#40
چنین سال بگذاشتم شست و پنج
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به درویشی و زندگانی به رنج
“Thus I spent sixty and five years in poverty and living in toil.”
#41
چو پنج از سر سال شستم نشست
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من اندر نشیب و سرم سوی پست
“When five years beyond sixty settled upon me, I was in decline and my head bent low.”
#42
رخ لاله گون گشت بر سان کاه
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چو کافور شد رنگ مشک سیاه
“My tulip-hued cheek turned pale as straw, and the black musk of my hair became white like camphor.”
#43
بدان گه که بد سال پنجاه و هفت
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نوانتر شدم چون جوانی برفت
“When my age was fifty-seven, I grew weaker as youth departed.”
#44
فریدون بیدار دل زنده شد
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زمان و زمین پیش او بنده شد
“Awakened Fereydun came back to life; time and earth became servants before him.”
#45
بداد و به بخشش گرفت این جهان
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سرش برتر آمد ز شاهنشهان
“Through justice and bounty he seized this world, his head rising higher than all emperors.”
#46
فروزان شد آثار تاریخ اوی
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که جاوید بادا بن و بیخ اوی
“The traces of his history shone bright; may his root and foundation endure forever.”
#47
از آن پس که گوشم شنید آن خروش
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نهادم بر آن تیز آواز گوش
“Ever since my ear caught that ringing call, I listened intently to that resonant voice.”
#48
بپیوستم این نامه بر نام اوی
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همه مهتری باد فرجام اوی
“I composed this epic book in his royal name; may grand majesty be his ultimate destiny.”
#49
از آن پس تن جانور خاک راست
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روان روان معدن پاک راست
“Thereafter, the body of living creatures belongs to the dust, while the soul belongs to the source of pure spirits.”
#50
همان نیزه بخشندهٔ دادگر
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کز اوی است پیدا به گیتی هنر
“Likewise, he is the just and generous ruler through whom virtue and art are revealed to the world.”
#51
که باشد به پیری مرا دستگیر
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خداوند شمشیر و تاج و سریر
“May he be my supporter in my old age—the lord of the sword, crown, and throne.”
#52
خداوند هند و خداوند چین
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خداوند ایران و توران زمین
“Sovereign of India, ruler of China, lord over the realms of Iran and Turan!”
#53
خداوند زیبای برترمنش
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از او دور پیغاره و سرزنش
“A handsome sovereign of lofty character, forever far from reproach and blame.”
#54
بدرد ز آواز او کوه سنگ
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به دریا نهنگ و به خشکی پلنگ
“At his roaring voice, mountains crumble; whales tremble in the sea, and panthers on dry land.”
#55
چه دینار در پیش بزمش چه خاک
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ز بخشش ندارد دلش هیچ باک
“In his feast, gold coins are as dust; his heart knows no fear of depletion in giving.”
#56
جهاندار محمود خورشیدفش
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به رزم اندرون شیر شمشیرکش
“The world-ruler Mahmud, bright as the sun, a sword-wielding lion in the heat of battle!”
#57
مرا از جهان بی‌نیازی دهد
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میان گوان سرفرازی دهد
“He grants me freedom from worldly want and exalts my stature among mighty heroes.”
#58
که جاوید بادا سر و تخت اوی
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به کام دلش گردش بخت اوی
“May his head and throne endure eternally, and may fortune's movement fulfill his heart's desire.”
#59
که داند ورا در جهان خود ستود
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کسی کش ستاید که یارد شنود
“Who in this world can truly praise him? Who could even dare listen to all his praises?”
#60
که شاه از گمان و توان برتر است
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چو بر تارک مشتری افسر است
“For the King rises beyond imagination and power, as though his crown rests upon the star Jupiter.”
#61
یکی بندگی کردم ای شهریار
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که ماند ز من در جهان یادگار
“I have offered a devotion, O King, that shall endure in the world as my eternal legacy.”
#62
بناهای آباد گردد خراب
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ز باران وز تابش آفتاب
“Prosperous edifices fall into ruin over time from the pouring rain and the sun's burning rays.”
#63
پی افگندم از نظم کاخی بلند
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که از باد و بارانش نآید گزند
“Yet I have founded a lofty palace of verse, safe from all harm of wind and rain.”
#64
بر این نامه بر سالها بگذرد
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همی خواند آن کس که دارد خرد
“Centuries shall pass over this book, and every person endowed with wisdom shall read it.”
#65
کند آفرین بر جهاندار شاه
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که بی او مبیناد کس پیشگاه
“They shall shower blessings upon the world-ruling King; may no court exist without his glorious presence!”
#66
مر او را ستاینده کردار اوست
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جهان سر به سر زیر آثار اوست
“His own deeds are his truest eulogist, and the whole world lies beneath the shadow of his achievements.”
#67
چو مایه ندارم ثنای ورا
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نیایش کنم خاک پای ورا
“Since I lack the wealth of words to praise him fully, I bow down and pay homage to the dust of his feet.”
#68
زمانه سراسر بدو زنده باد
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خرد تخت او را فروزنده باد
“May the whole age be vibrant through him, and may wisdom forever illuminate his throne!”
#69
دلش شادمانه چو خرم بهار
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همیشه بر این گردش روزگار
“May his heart remain joyful like lush springtime, ever amidst the ceaseless turns of time.”
#70
از او شادمانه دل انجمن
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به هر کار پیروز و چیره سخن
“May the heart of the assembly be gladdened by him—victorious in every endeavor, master of speech!”
#71
همی تا بگردد فلک چرخ‌وار
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بود اندر او مشتری را گذار
“As long as the heavens revolve like a wheel, and Jupiter continues its course across the skies...”
#72
شهنشاه ما باد با جاه و ناز
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از او دور چشم بد و بی نیاز
“May our King of Kings abide in glory and majesty, far from the evil eye and free from all need!”
#73
کنون ز این سپس نامه باستان
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بپیوندم از گفتهٔ راستان
“Henceforth, I shall weave the ancient book from the traditional lore of truthful men.”
#74
چو پیش آورم گردش روزگار
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نباید مرا پند آموزگار
“As I present the turnings of destiny, I need no teacher to instruct me in wisdom.”
#75
چو پیکار کیخسرو آمد پدید
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ز من جادویها بباید شنید
“Now that the battle of Kay Khosrow unfolds, expect to hear magical wonders of verse from me.”
#76
بدین داستان در ببارم همی
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به سنگ اندرون لاله کارم همی
“In telling this tale, I rain down poetry, causing tulips to bloom even from solid rock.”
#77
کنون خامه‌ای یافتم بیش از آن
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که مغز سخن بافتم پیش از آن
“Now I have acquired a pen far mightier than before, when I wove the very essence of eloquence.”
#78
ایا آزمون را نهاده دو چشم
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گهی شادمانی گهی درد و خشم
“O man, who hast opened both eyes to trial—experiencing now joy, and now pain and anger!”
#79
شگفت اندر این گنبد لاژورد
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بماند چنین دل پر از داغ و درد
“Wondering beneath this azure dome, the heart remains thus filled with sorrow and anguish.”
#80
چنین بود تا بود دور زمان
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به نوی تو اندر شگفتی ممان
“Such has been the way of time since time began; do not remain in wonder as if it were something new.”
#81
یکی را همه بهره شهد است و قند
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تن آسانی و ناز و بخت بلند
“To one person, Fate grants sweet honey and sugar—an abundance of ease, luxury, and exalted fortune.”
#82
یکی ز او همه ساله با درد و رنج
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شده تنگدل در سرای سپنج
“To another, life brings endless grief and anguish, leaving them sorrowful and heavy-hearted in this fleeting world.”
#83
یکی را همه رفتن اندر نهیب
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گهی در فراز و گهی در نشیب
“Another must walk constantly amidst peril and terror, caught in the endless shifts of life's highs and lows.”
#84
چنین پروراند همی روزگار
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فزون آمد از رنگ گل رنج خار
“Such is the manner of Time's nurturing: the torment of the thorn always exceeds the delight of the rose.”
#85
هر آنگه که سال اندر آمد به شست
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بباید کشیدن ز بیشیت دست
“When a man's years reach sixty, he ought to withdraw his hand from excess and greed.”
#86
ز هفتاد برنگذرد بس کسی
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ز دوران چرخ آزمودم بسی
“Few are those who surpass seventy years; from my long testing of the turning sky, I know this well.”
#87
وگر بگذرد آن همه بتریست
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بر آن زندگانی بباید گریست
“And should one pass beyond, it brings only frailty and decline; upon such a life, one can only weep.”
#88
اگر دام ماهی بدی سال شست
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خردمند از او یافتی راه جست
“Were sixty years a net to catch a fish, the wise man would still seek a path of escape from it.”
#89
نیابیم بر چرخ گردنده راه
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نه بر کار دادار خورشید و ماه
“We can never unravel the secrets of the revolving heavens, nor comprehend the work of the Creator of the sun and moon.”
#90
جهاندار اگر چند کوشد به رنج
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بتازد به کین و بنازد به گنج
“Though the ruler of the world strives in hardship, rushes to avenge, and prides himself on treasure,”
#91
همش رفت باید به دیگر سرای
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بماند همه کوشش ایدر به جای
“He too must depart for the other abode, leaving all his striving behind in this realm.”
#92
تو از کار کیخسرو اندازه گیر
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کهن گشته کار جهان تازه گیر
“Take lesson from the fate of Kay Khosrow, and view anew the ancient workings of the world:”
#93
که کین پدر باز جست از نیا
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به شمشیر و هم چاره و کیمیا
“Who sought vengeance for his father from his maternal grandfather, through sword, stratagem, and masterly wisdom.”
#94
نیا را بکشت و خود ایدر نماند
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جهان نیز منشور او را نخواند
“He slew his grandfather, yet he himself remained not here; nor did the world read his royal decree forever.”
#95
چنین است رسم سرای سپنج
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بدان کوش تا دور مانی ز رنج
“Such is the way of this transient home; strive ever to keep yourself free from sorrow and harm.”

Distich Annotation & Lore

English Translation:

Modern Interpretation:

Literary & Narrative Dimensions:
Entities Identified:
The Guide
Companion of Epic Lore & Ferdowsi’s Shahnameh
Greetings, seeker of ancient lore! I am The Guide, your companion through the heroes, monarchs, mythical creatures, and timeless verses of the Shahnameh. Ask me anything about the epic tradition.
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