🦅 IRANLORE | ایران‌نامه
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Historical Era (Parthian & Sasanian)

Hormozd

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213 distichs in this chapter
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The Binding of Parmoudeh, the Concealed Treasure, and Hormozd's Insult to Bahram
Flames of anger consumed Bahram Chubin following a sharp exchange with Prince Parmoudeh of China. In a fit of pride, the Iranian commander struck the captive prince with a whip and ordered him bound in chains within a cramped tent. Seeing this rash act, Khorrad Barzin and the grand scribe warned Bahram that letting wrath master wisdom would bring dire ruin. Realizing his folly, Bahram repented, struck off the prince's fetters, and presented him with a golden-harnessed charger and an Indian blade in an effort to soothe his wounded pride. Yet Parmoudeh remained cold and distant, committing his grief to divine fate rather than accepting Bahram's overtures.

Thereafter, Bahram ordered his scribes and priests to inventory the vast ancient treasures housed within Parmoudeh's mountain citadel—riches accumulated since the eras of Arjasp and Afrasiab. Among the unimaginable hoard lay the legendary belt and matchless earrings of Prince Siyavash, along with jeweled footwear and precious Yemeni robes. Driven by arrogance and greed, Bahram secretly withheld Siyavash's earrings, the gemmed boots, and two Yemeni garments from the royal registry, keeping them for himself while sending Parmoudeh and the rest of the tribute under guard to King Hormozd.

King Hormozd received Prince Parmoudeh with grand solemnity, seating him at his royal table and forging solemn oaths of peace upon sacred fires and high heavens. However, the secret of Bahram's theft soon came to light through Ayin Goshasp and internal informants. Outraged by Bahram's insolence, greed, and mistreatment of the Chinese prince, Hormozd devised a devastating insult. He dispatched a messenger carrying a package of women's attire—a spindle box filled with cotton, a crimson veil, a lapis-blue tunic, and yellow trousers—accompanied by a scathing letter reviling Bahram as a disgraced demon.

Upon receiving the humiliating gift, Bahram swallowed his rage in bitter silence. He donned the women's garments, set the spindle box before him, and summoned his senior generals and chieftains. The veteran Iranian warriors were horrified and enraged to behold their champion thus disgraced. In a fierce uproar, the army renounced allegiance to King Hormozd, refusing to call him ruler any longer. Thus was sown the seed of open rebellion, shaking the foundations of the Sasanian realm.
#1
برآشفت بهرام و شد شوخ چشم
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زگفتار پرموده آمد بخشم
“Bahram flew into a passion, his eyes turning bold and fierce; he grew enraged at the words of Parmoudeh.”
#2
بتندیش یک تازیانه بزد
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بران سان که از ناسزایان سزد
“In fury he struck him with a whip, just as fitting for those who act unworthily.”
#3
ببستند هم در زمان پای اوی
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یکی تنگ خرگاه شد جای اوی
“At once they bound his feet, and a narrow, cramped tent became his dwelling.”
#4
چو خراد برزین چنان دید گفت
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که این پهلوان را خرد نیست جفت
“When Khorrad Barzin saw this happen, he said: 'Wisdom is no companion to this champion!'”
#5
بیامد بنزد دبیر بزرگ
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بدو گفت کین پهلوان سترگ
“He came to the chief scribe and said to him: 'This mighty paladin...'”
#6
بیک پر پشه ندارد خرد
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ازیرا کسی را بکس نشمرد
“...possesses not even the wisdom of a mosquito's wing, for he counts no man as anything!'”
#7
ببایدش گفتن کزین چاره نیست
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ورا بتر از خشم پتیاره نیست
“'He must be warned that there is no remedy for this, and no calamity worse for him than anger.'”
#8
به نزدیک بهرام رفت آن دو مرد
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زبانها پراز بند و رخ لاژورد
“Those two men went before Bahram, their tongues full of counsel and their faces pale as lapis.”
#9
بگفتند کین رنج دادی بباد
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سر نامور پر ز آتش مباد
“They said: 'You have given all your labor to the wind; let not the hero's head be filled with fire!'”
#10
بدانست بهرام کان بود زشت
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باب اندرافگند و تر گشت خشت
“Bahram realized that his deed was ugly; he poured water over his hot temper and softened his stance.”
#11
پشیمان شد وبند او برگرفت
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ز کردار خود دست بر سرگرفت
“He felt regret, removed the fetters from him, and held his head in distress over his action.”
#12
فرستاد اسبی بزرین ستام
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یکی تیغ هندی بزرین نیام
“He sent him a horse with a golden bridle, and an Indian sword in a golden scabbard.”
#13
هم اندر زمان شد به نزدیک اوی
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که روشن کند جان تاریک اوی
“At once he went to him in person, hoping to brighten his dark spirit.”
#14
همی‌بود تا او میان را ببست
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یکی بارهٔ تیزتگ برنشست
“He waited until the prince girded his loins and mounted a swift courser.”
#15
سپهبد همی‌راند با اوبه راه
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بدید آنک تازه نبد روی شاه
“The general rode along the path with him, observing that the royal face was far from cheerful.”
#16
بهنگام پدرود کردنش گفت
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که آزار داری ز من درنهفت
“At the moment of bidding farewell, he said: 'Do you harbor hidden resentment against me?'”
#17
گرت هست با شاه ایران مگوی
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نیاید تو را نزد او آب روی
“'If you do, speak not of it to the King of Iran, lest your honor fall before him.'”
#18
بدو گفت خاقان که ما راگله
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زبختست و کردم به یزدان یله
“The Khagan replied: 'Our complaint is against Fate, and I have left all to God.'”
#19
نه من زان شمارم که از هرکسی
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سخنها همی‌راند خواهم بسی
“'I am not one of those who wander about speaking countless words to everyone.'”
#20
اگر شهریار تو زین آگهی
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نیابد نزیبد برو بر مهی
“'Yet if your sovereign learns not of this, greatness does not truly suit him.'”
#21
مرا بند گردون گردنده کرد
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نگویم که با من بدی بنده کرد
“'The turning sky put me in chains; I say not that a slave did evil to me.'”
#22
ز گفتار اوگشت بهرام زرد
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بپیچید و خشم از دلیری بخورد
“At his words, Bahram turned pale; he twisted in irritation but swallowed his pride and anger.”
#23
چنین داد پاسخ که آمد نشان
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ز گفتار آن مهتر سرکشان
“He answered thus: 'Signs have come from the words of that leader of the proud...'”
#24
که تخم بدی تا توانی مکار
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چوکاری برت بر دهد روزگار
“'...that so long as you can, sow not the seed of evil, for when you sow, Time will give you its fruit.'”
#25
بدو گفت بهرام کای نامجوی
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سخنها چنین تا توانی مگوی
“Bahram said to him: 'O seeker of renown, speak not such words as long as you are able!'”
#26
چرا من بتو دل بیاراستم
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ز گیتی تو را نیکویی خواستم
“'Why did I incline my heart to you, and wish only good for you in this world?'”
#27
ز تو نامه کردم بشاه جهان
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همی زشت تو داشتم در نهان
“'I wrote letters to the King of the World on your behalf, concealing your ugly faults in secret.'”
#28
بدو گفت خاقان که آن بد گذشت
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گذشته سخنها همه باد گشت
“The Khagan said to him: 'That evil has passed; bygone words have all turned to wind.'”
#29
ولیکن چو در جنگ خواری بود
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گه آشتی بردباری بود
“'Yet when there is humiliation in battle, there should be forbearance at the time of peace.'”
#30
تو راخشم با آشتی گر یکیست
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خرد بی‌گمان نزد تواندکیست
“'If your wrath and your reconciliation are the same, wisdom surely is scarce within you.'”
#31
چو سالار راه خداوند خویش
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بگیرد نیفتد بهرکار پیش
“'When a ruler takes the path of his Lord, he does not leap ahead blindly in every affair.'”
#32
همان راه یزدان بباید سپرد
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ز دل تیرگیها بباید سترد
“'Likewise, the path of God must be followed, and gloom wiped clear from the heart.'”
#33
سخن گر نیفزایی اکنون رواست
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که آن بد که شد گشت با باد راست
“'If you say no more words now, it is proper; for the evil that was has dissolved into wind.'”
#34
زخاقان چوبشنید بهرام گفت
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که پنداشتم کین بماند نهفت
“When Bahram heard this from the Khagan, he said: 'I thought this matter would remain hidden.'”
#35
کنون زان گنه گر بیاید زیان
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نپوشم برو چادر پرنیان
“'Now if harm should come from that fault, I shall not cover it with a cloak of silk.'”
#36
چوآنجارسی هرچ باید بگوی
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نه زان مر مراکم شود آب روی
“'When you arrive there, say whatever must be said; my honor will not be diminished by it.'”
#37
بدو گفت خاقان که هرشهریار
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که ازنیک وبد برنگیرد شمار
“The Khagan said: 'Any sovereign who does not weigh good and evil...'”
#38
ببد کردن بنده خامش بود
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برمن چنان دان که بیهش بود
“'...and stays silent at a servant's wrongdoing, know that in my eyes he is devoid of sense.'”
#39
چواز دور بیند ورا بدسگال
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وگر نیک خواهی بود گر همال
“'When he sees an ill-wisher from afar, or a well-wisher who is his peer...'”
#40
تو را ناسزا خواند وسرسبک
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ورا شاه ایران ومغزی تُنُک
“'...and calls you unworthy with a light head, the King of Iran will prove to have a shallow mind!'”
#41
بجوشید بهرام وشد زردروی
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نگه کرد خراد برزین بروی
“Bahram boiled with anger and his face turned pale; Khorrad Barzin looked upon his visage.”
#42
بترسید زان تیزخونخوار مرد
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که اورا زباد اندرآرد بگرد
“He feared that quick-tempered, blood-shedding man might blow him away like dust in the wind.”
#43
ببهرام گفت ای سزاوار گاه
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بخور خشم وسر بازگردان ز راه
“He said to Bahram: 'O worthy of the throne, swallow your anger and turn your head back from the road!'”
#44
که خاقان همی راست گوید سخن
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توبنیوش واندیشه بدمکن
“'For the Khagan speaks the truth; listen to him and harbor no evil thoughts.'”
#45
سخن گر نرفتی بدین گونه سرد
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تو را نیستی دل پرآزار و درد
“'Had not the words gone so cold, your heart would not be filled with pain and grief.'”
#46
بدو گفت کین بدرگ بی‌هنر
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بجوید همی خاک وخون پدر
“He said to him: 'This ill-bred, skilless wretch seeks to avenge the blood and soil of his father.'”
#47
بدو گفت خاقان که این بد مکن
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بتیزی بزرگی بگردد کهن
“The Khaqan said to him: 'Do not commit this evil deed; through rash haste, greatness fades and grows old.'”
#48
بگیتی هرآنکس که او چون تو بود
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سرش پر ز گرد ودلش پر ز دود
“'In this world, whoever was like you, with a head full of pride and a heart full of malice,'”
#49
همه بد سگالید وباکس نساخت
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بکژی ونابخردی سر فراخت
“'Plotted only evil and made peace with none, lifting his head in crookedness and folly.'”
#50
همی ازشهنشاه ترسانییم
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سزا زو بود رنج وآسانییم
“'You constantly frighten us of the King of Kings, whereas both our hardship and our ease rightly come from him.'”
#51
زگردنکشان اوهمال منست
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نه چون بنده اوبدسگال منست
“'Among proud rulers he is my true equal, not a mere servant plotting ill against me.'”
#52
هشیوار وآهسته و با نژاد
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بسی نامبردار دارد بیاد
“'He is wise, tranquil, and noble of birth, keeping in mind many renowned figures of old.'”
#53
به جان و سرشاه ایران سپاه
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کز ایدر کنون بازگردی به راه
“'By the life and head of the King of Iran's host, you must now turn back on your path from here!'”
#54
بپاسخ نیفزایی وبدخوی
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نگویی سخن نیز تا نشنوی
“'Add nothing to your reply, show no ill temper, and speak no further until you are addressed!'”
#55
چوبشنید بهرام زوگشت باز
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بلشکر گه آمد گو رزمساز
“When Bahram heard this from him, he turned back; the battle-ready warrior returned to the camp.”
#56
چو خراد برزین وآن بخردان
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دبیر بزرگ ودگر موبدان
“Then Khorrad-e Barzin and those wise men, the chief scribe, and the other Mobads...”
#57
نبشتند نامه بشاه جهان
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سخن هرچ بد آشکار ونهان
“Wrote a letter to the King of the World, setting down everything that had occurred, both manifest and hidden.”
#58
سپهدار با موبد موبدان
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بخشم آن زمان گفت کای بخردان
“The commander then said in anger to the Mobad of Mobads: 'O wise ones,'”
#59
هم اکنون از ایدر بدز درشوید
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بکوشید و با باد همبر شوید
“'Go straightway to the fortress from here; strive and match the speed of the wind!'”
#60
بدز بر ببیند تا خواسته
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چه مایه بود گنج آراسته
“'Inspect the fortress to see what vast wealth and adorned treasure lie within.'”
#61
دبیران برفتند دل پرهراس
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ز شبگیر تاشب گذشته سه پاس
“The scribes departed with anxious hearts, working from early dawn until three watches of the night had passed.”
#62
سیه شد بسی یازگار از شمار
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نبشته نشد هم بفرجام کار
“Many scrolls turned black with reckoning, yet even in the end, the count remained unfinished.”
#63
بدز بر نبد راه زان خواسته
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گذشته بدو سال و ناکاسته
“There was no passage left in the fortress for all that wealth; two years had passed, yet it remained undiminished.”
#64
ز هنگام ارجاسب و افراسیاب
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ز دینار و گوهر که خیزد ز آب
“Treasures amassed since the times of Arjasp and Afrasiab: golden dinars, and pearls born of the deep waters,”
#65
همان نیز چیزی که کانی بود
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کجا رستنش آسمانی بود
“As well as precious things mined from the earth, whose origin was as divine gift from the heavens.”
#66
همه گنجها اندر آورده بود
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کجا نام او در جهان برده بود
“Every treasure ever spoken of in the world had been gathered and brought together there.”
#67
زچیز سیاوش نخستین کمر
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بهرمهره‌ای در سه یاره گهر
“First was the belt of Siyavash, set in each of its beads with three jeweled armlets;”
#68
همان گوشوارش که اندر جهان
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کسی را نبود ازکهان ومهان
“Likewise his earring, the like of which no one in the world possessed, whether high or low;”
#69
که کیخسرو آن رابه لهراسب داد
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که لهراسب زان پس بگشتاسب داد
“Which Kay Khosrow had given to Lohrasp, and Lohrasp thereafter bestowed upon Goshtasp,”
#70
که ارجاسب آن را بدز درنهاد
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که هنگام آنکس ندارد بیاد
“Which Arjasp had stored inside that fortress in an age so distant no man remembers it.”
#71
شمارش ندانست کس در جهان
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ستاره شناسان و فرخ مهان
“None in the world knew its total count—neither astronomers nor auspicious nobles.”
#72
نبشتند یک یک همه خواسته
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که بود اندر آن گنج آراسته
“They wrote down one by one all the treasures contained in that magnificent hoard.”
#73
فرستاد بهرام مردی دبیر
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سخن گوی و روشن دل و یادگیر
“Bahram dispatched a scribe—an eloquent man, enlightened of mind, and quick of memory.”
#74
بیامد همه خواسته گرد کرد
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که بد در دز وهم به دشت نبرد
“He came and collected all the spoils that were in the fortress as well as on the battlefield.”
#75
ابا خواسته بود دو گوشوار
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دو موزه درو بود گوهرنگار
“Among the treasures were two earrings and a pair of boots studded with brilliant gems,”
#76
همان شوشه زر وبرو بافته
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بگوهر سر شوشه برتافته
“As well as bars of gold woven over with craft, their tips crowned with jewels.”
#77
دو برد یمانی همه زربفت
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بسختند هر یک بمن بود هفت
“Two Yemeni cloaks woven with pure gold thread, each weighing seven man when weighed.”
#78
سپهبد زکشی و کنداوری
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نبود آگه از جستن داوری
“The general, in his vanity and martial pride, was blind to the judgment he was stirring against himself.”
#79
دو برد یمانی بیکسونهاد
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دو موزه به نامه نکرد ایچ یاد
“He set the two Yemeni cloaks aside and made no mention of the two gem-laden boots in his dispatch.”
#80
بفرمود زان پس که پیداگشسب
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همی با سواران نشیند براسب
“He then ordered that Payda-Goshasb should mount his horse alongside the cavaliers.”
#81
زلشکر گزین کرد مردی هزار
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که با اوشود تا درشهریار
“From the army he selected a thousand chosen men, that they might accompany him to the threshold of the King of Kings.”
#82
زخاقان شتر خواست ده کاروان
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شمرد آن زمان جمله بر ساروان
“He requested ten caravans of camels from the Khaqan, and handed them all over to the chief camel-driver.”
#83
سواران پس پشت وخاقان زپیش
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همی‌راند با نامداران خویش
“With horsemen trailing behind and the Khaqan's son riding ahead, he advanced in the company of his renowned nobles.”
#84
چو خاقان بیامد به نزدیک شاه
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ابا گنج دیرینه و با سپاه
“When the Khaqan's son drew near to the Shah, bringing ancient treasures alongside his army,”
#85
چوبشنید شاه جهان برنشست
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به سر بر یکی تاج و گرزی بدست
“Upon hearing this, the Lord of the World mounted his charger, wearing his crown upon his head and holding a mace in hand.”
#86
بیامد چنین تا بدرگه رسید
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ز دهلیز چون روی خاقان بدید
“He rode until he reached the palace gate, and from the portico, as soon as he caught sight of the Khaqan's son,”
#87
همی‌بود تا چونش بیند به راه
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فرود آید او همچنان با سپاه
“He waited so that when the prince saw him on the road, he too might dismount alongside his army.”
#88
ببیندش و برگردد از پیش اوی
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پراندیشه بد زان سخن نامجوی
“To see him and then turn back before him; for the ambitious prince was filled with anxiety over this affair.”
#89
پس آنگاه خاقان چنان هم بر اسب
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ابا موبد خویش پیداگشسب
“Then the Khaqan's son remained upon his horse, accompanied by his high priest, Payda-Goshasp.”
#90
فرود آمد از اسب خاقان همان
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بیامد برشاه ایران دمان
“Immediately the Khaqan's son dismounted from his steed and swiftly approached the Shah of Iran.”
#91
درنگی ببد تا جهاندار شاه
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نشست از بر تازی اسبی سیاه
“There was a brief delay until the world-ruling monarch mounted a black Arabian charger.”
#92
شهنشاه اسب تگاور براند
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بدهلیز با او زمانی بماند
“The King of Kings spurred his swift horse forward and remained with him in the portico for a short while.”
#93
چوخاقان برفت از در شهریار
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عنانش گرفت آن زمان پرده دار
“When the Khaqan's son departed from the monarch's door, the chamberlain at once took hold of his reins.”
#94
پیاده شد از باره پرموده زود
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بران کهتری جادوییها نمود
“Parmudah quickly dismounted from his steed, displaying humble courtesies before that attendant.”
#95
پیاده همان شاه دستش بدست
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بیاورد او را بجای نشست
“Dismounted likewise, the King took him by the hand and led him to the seating place.”
#96
خرامان بیامد به نزدیک تخت
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مراورا شهنشاه بنواخت سخت
“Gracefully he approached the throne, and the King of Kings bestowed great royal favor upon him.”
#97
بپرسید و بنشاختش پیش خویش
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بگفتند بسیار ز انداره بیش
“He inquired after his health, seated him before himself, and they conversed at great length beyond measure.”
#98
سزاوار او جایگه ساختند
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یکی خرم ایوان بپرداختند
“They prepared a worthy residence for him and cleared a splendid, delightful palace.”
#99
ببردند چیزی که شایسته بود
✦
همان پیش پرموده بایسته بود
“They brought forth everything fitting and required for Parmudah's comfort.”
#100
سپه را به نزدیک او جای کرد
✦
دبیری بدان کاربر پای کرد
“He assigned quarters for the troops near him, and appointed a scribe to manage that task.”
#101
چو آگه شد از کار آن خواسته
✦
که آورد پرموده آراسته
“When the Shah became aware of the treasures that Parmudah had brought so richly arranged,”
#102
به میدان فرستاده تا همچنان
✦
برد بار پرمایه با ساروان
“He sent word to the square so that the heavy, precious loads might be carried along with the camel-drivers.”
#103
چوآسود پرموده از رنج راه
✦
بهشتم یکی سور فرمود شاه
“When Parmudah had rested from the toil of the road, on the eighth day the Shah commanded a feast.”
#104
چو خاقان زپیش جهاندار شاه
✦
نشستند برخوان او پیش گاه
“As the Khaqan's son sat before the Lord of the World, dining at his royal table in front of the throne,”
#105
بفرمود تابار آن اشتران
✦
بپشت اندر آرند پیش سران
“The King commanded that the camel loads be carried upon men's backs before the assembled chieftains.”
#106
کسی برگرفت از کشیدن شمار
✦
بیک روز مزدور بدصدهزار
“Someone kept account of the haulers, and in a single day, one hundred thousand laborers were employed.”
#107
دگر روز هم بامداد پگاه
✦
بخوان برمی‌آورد وبنشست شاه
“On the next day at early dawn, wine was brought to the table as the Shah sat enthroned.”
#108
زمیدان ببردند پنجه هزار
✦
هم ازتنگ بر پشت مردان کار
“Fifty thousand loads were moved from the square, tied tightly onto the backs of sturdy laborers.”
#109
از آورده صد گنج شد ساخته
✦
دل شاه زان کار پرداخته
“From what was brought, a hundred hoards were compiled, and the Shah's heart was well satisfied with the task.”
#110
یکی تخت جامه بفرمود شاه
✦
کز آنجا بیارند پیش سپاه
“The Shah ordered a tray of royal garments to be brought from there before the army,”
#111
همان بر کمر گوهر شاهوار
✦
که نامد همی ارز او در شمار
“Along with royal jewels set upon belts, the boundless value of which could not be counted.”
#112
یکی آفرین خاست از بزمگاه
✦
که پیروز باداین جهاندار شاه
“A shout of praise arose from the banquet hall: 'May this world-conquering King be ever victorious!'”
#113
بآیین گشسب آن زمان شاه گفت
✦
که با او بدش آشکار و نهفت
“The Shah then spoke to Ayin-Goshasp, with whom he shared all his secret and open thoughts:”
#114
که چون بینی این کار چوبینه را
✦
بمردی به کار آورد کینه را
“'How do you view this deed of Chubineh, who executed his vengeance so courageously?'”
#115
چنین گفت آیین گشسب دبیر
✦
که‌ای شاه روشن دل و یادگیر
“Thus spoke Ayin-Goshasp the scribe: 'O wise and enlightened King!'”
#116
بسوری که دستانش چوبین بود
✦
چنان دان که خوانش نو آیین بود
“Know that at the feast given by Bahram Chubin, the banquet was set out in a whole new fashion.”
#117
ز گفتار او شاه شد بدگمان
✦
روانش پراندیشه بدیک زمان
“At his words, the King grew suspicious; his soul instantly became filled with anxious forebodings.”
#118
هیونی بیامد همانگه سترگ
✦
یکی نامه‌ای از دبیر بزرگ
“Thereupon a swift, mighty courier camel arrived, bearing a letter from the chief scribe.”
#119
که شاه جهان جاودان شادباد
✦
همه کار اوبخشش وداد باد
“Saying: "May the King of the world be forever joyful, and may all his deeds be marked by bounty and justice!”
#120
چنان دان که برد یمانی دوبود
✦
همه موزه از گوهر نابسود
“Know that the Yemeni garments were two, and all the boots were encrusted with unblemished jewels.”
#121
همان گوشوار سیاوش رد
✦
کزو یادگارست ما را خرد
“Likewise the earrings of the noble Siyavash, through which wisdom has remained as a legacy unto us.”
#122
ازین چار دو پهلوان برگرفت
✦
چو او دید رنج این نباشد شگفت
“Of these four treasures, the champion took two; considering the hardship he endured, this should cause no wonder.”
#123
زشاهک بپرسید پس نامجوی
✦
کزین هرچ دیدی یکایک بگوی
“Then the fame-seeking King asked Shahak: "Relate to me one by one everything you witnessed of this matter."”
#124
سخن گفت شاهک برین‌همنشان
✦
برآشفت زان شاه گردنکشان
“Shahak spoke in this wise, and at his words the King of proud monarchs flew into a rage.”
#125
هم اندر زمان گفت چوبینه راه
✦
همی گم کند سربرآرد بماه
“Immediately he said: "Chubin is straying from the right path; he is raising his head to the moon in rebellion!”
#126
یکی آنک خاقان چین رابزد
✦
ازان سان که ازگوهر بد سزد
“First, he struck down the Khaqan of China, in a manner befitting an evil origin.”
#127
دگر آنک چون گوشوارش به کار
✦
بیامد مگرشد یکی شهریار
“Second, when the earrings came to his use, perhaps he deemed himself a sovereign monarch!”
#128
همه رنج او سر به سر بادگشت
✦
همه داد دادنش بیداد گشت
“All his efforts have dissolved into wind; all his former justice has turned into tyranny."”
#129
بگفت این و پرموده را پیش خواند
✦
بران نامور پیشگاهش نشاند
“Saying this, he summoned Parmudah to his presence and seated him before his glorious throne.”
#130
ببودند وخوردند تا شب زراه
✦
بیفشاند آن تیره زلف سیاه
“They remained and feasted until night arrived from its path, scattering its dark, black tresses over the world.”
#131
بخاقان چین گفت کز بهر من
✦
بسی زنج دیدی توازشهرمن
“He said to the Khaqan of China: "On my account, you have suffered much hardship from my realm.”
#132
نشسته بیازید ودستش گرفت
✦
ازو ماند پرموده اندر شگفت
“Sitting there, he reached out and took his hand, leaving Parmudah lost in utter amazement.”
#133
بدو گفت سوگند ما تازه کن
✦
همان کار بر دیگر اندازه کن
“He said to him: "Renew our solemn pledge, and set this relationship upon a new footing."”
#134
بخوردند سوگندهای گران
✦
به یزدان پاک وبه جان سران
“They swore solemn and weighty oaths by the pure God and by the lives of noble chieftains,”
#135
که از شاه خاقان نپیچد به دل
✦
ندارد به کاری ورا دلگسل
“That the King’s heart would never turn away from the Khaqan, nor hold any grievance to sever their bond;”
#136
بگاه وبتاج و بخورشیدوماه
✦
به آذرگشسب و به آذرپناه
“Swearing by throne, crown, sun, and moon, by Azar Gushasp and the sacred fire of Azar Panah,”
#137
به یزدان که او برتر ازبرتریست
✦
نگارندهٔ زهره ومشتریست
“By God, who is higher than the highest, the Creator of Venus and Jupiter,”
#138
که چون بازگردی نپیچی زمن
✦
نه از نامداران این انجمن
“"That when you return, you shall not turn away from me, nor from the illustrious figures of this assembly."”
#139
بگفتند وز جای برخاستند
✦
سوی خوابگه رفتن آراستند
“Having spoken these words, they arose from their seats and prepared to retire to the bedchamber.”
#140
چوبرزد سرازکوه زرد آفتاب
✦
سرتاجداران برآمد زخواب
“When the golden sun reared its head above the mountain, the crowned heads woke from their sleep.”
#141
یکی خلعت آراسته بود شاه
✦
ز زرین وسیمین و اسب وکلاه
“The King had prepared a lavish robe of honor, composed of gold, silver, steed, and crown.”
#142
به نزدیک خاقان فرستاد شاه
✦
دومنزل همی‌رفت با او به راه
“The King sent it to the Khaqan, and accompanied him on his journey for two full stages.”
#143
سه دیگر نپیمود راه دراز
✦
درودش فرستاد وزو گشت باز
“On the third stage, he journeyed no further; he sent him blessings and turned back.”
#144
چو آگاهی آمد سوی پهلوان
✦
ازان خلعت شهریار جهان
“When news reached the warrior champion of that robe of honor bestowed by the monarch of the world,”
#145
زخاقان چینی که از نزد شاه
✦
چنان شاد برگشت و آمد به راه
“And how the Khaqan of China had departed from the King's presence so joyful and taken to the road,”
#146
پذیره شدش پهلوان سوار
✦
از ایران هرآنکس که بد نامدار
“The mounted hero, along with all the renowned men of Iran, went out to welcome him.”
#147
علف ساخت جایی که اوبرگذشت
✦
به شهروده و منزل وکوه دشت
“He prepared provisions wherever he passed—in city, village, station, mountain, and plain.”
#148
همی‌ساخت پوزش کنان پیش اوی
✦
پراز شرم جان بداندیش اوی
“He kept offering excuses before him, while the soul of that ill-wisher was filled with shame.”
#149
چوپرموده را دید کرد آفرین
✦
ازو سربپیچید خاقان چین
“When he saw Parmudah, he praised him, yet the Khaqan of China turned his face away from him.”
#150
نپذرفت ازو هرچ آورده بود
✦
علفت بود اگر بدره وبرده بود
“He accepted nothing that Bahram had brought, whether provisions, sacks of treasure, or captives.”
#151
همی‌راند بهرام با او به راه
✦
نکرد ایچ خاقان بدو بر نگاه
“Bahram rode along the road with him, yet the Khaqan did not cast a single glance upon him.”
#152
بدین گونه برتاسه منزل براند
✦
که یک روز پرموده اورانخواند
“In this manner Bahram rode for three stages, without Parmuda calling upon him even once.”
#153
چهارم فرستاد خاقان کسی
✦
که برگرد چون رنج دیدی بسی
“On the fourth day, the Khaqan sent someone to him saying, 'Turn back, for you have endured much toil.'”
#154
چوبشنید بهرام برگشت از وی
✦
بتندی سوی بلخ بنهاد روی
“Hearing this, Bahram turned back from him and, full of wrath, set off toward Balkh.”
#155
همی‌بود دربلخ چندی دژم
✦
زکرده پشیمان ودل پر زغم
“For some time he remained in Balkh, dejected and full of grief, repenting of what he had done.”
#156
جهاندار زو هم نه خشنودبود
✦
زتیزی روانش پراز دود بود
“The ruler of the world was likewise displeased with him, his spirit clouded with smoke owing to his anger.”
#157
از آزار خاقان چینی نخست
✦
که بهرام آزار او را بجست
“First, because of the offense to the Khaqan of China, whose insult Bahram had sought out;”
#158
دگر آنک چیزی که فرمان نبود
✦
ببرداشتن چون دلیری نمود
“And second, because he had shown audacity in seizing treasures without royal command.”
#159
یکی نامه بنوشت پس شهریار
✦
ببهرام کای دیو ناسازگار
“Then the king wrote a letter to Bahram, saying, 'O incompatible demon!”
#160
ندانی همی خویشتن راتوباز
✦
چنین رابزرگان شدی بی‌نیاز
“You no longer know your own measure; have you grown so independent of the great?'”
#161
هنرها ز یزدان نبینی همی
✦
به چرخ فلک برنشینی همی
“You fail to attribute these talents to God, and act as though you ride high upon the celestial sphere!”
#162
زفرمان من سربپیچیده‌ای
✦
دگرگونه کاری بسیجیده‌ای
“You have turned your head from my command and prepared for a different course of action.”
#163
نیاید همی یادت از رنج من
✦
سپاه من و کوشش وگنج من
“You care nothing for my toil, my army, my efforts, and my treasury!”
#164
ره پهلوانان نسازی همی
✦
سرت به آسمان برفرازی همی
“You do not follow the path of true champions, but lift your head to the sky in arrogance.”
#165
کنون خلعت آمد سزاوار تو
✦
پسندیده و در خور کار تو
“Now a robe of honor has arrived suitable for you, approved and worthy of your deeds!”
#166
چوبنهاد برنامه برمهرشاه
✦
بفرمود تا دو کدانی سیاه
“When the king set his seal upon the letter, he commanded that two black distaffs,”
#167
بیارند با دوک و پنبه دروی
✦
نهاده بسی ناسزا رنگ وبوی
“Be brought, containing a spindle and cotton, infused with unworthy colors and scents.”
#168
هم از شعر پیراهن لاژورد
✦
یکی سرخ مقناع و شلوار زرد
“Along with a lapis-blue silk shirt, a red veil, and yellow trousers.”
#169
فرستاده پر منش برگزید
✦
که آن خلعت ناسزا را سزید
“He chose a proud messenger, fit to deliver such a humiliating robe of honor.”
#170
بدو گفت کاین پیش بهرام بر
✦
بگو ای سبک مایه بی‌هنر
“He said to him: 'Take this to Bahram and say: "O worthless man lacking merit,”
#171
توخاقان چین را ببندی همی
✦
گزند بزرگان پسندی همی
“You bind the Khaqan of China in chains and approve of harm coming to noble rulers!”
#172
زتختی که هستی فرود آرمت
✦
ازین پس بکس نیزنشمارمت
“I shall drag you down from the throne on which you sit, and henceforth I will count you as nothing!"'”
#173
فرستاده با خلعت آمد چوباد
✦
شنیده سخنها همه کرد یاد
“The messenger came with the gift swift as the wind, and recounted all the words he had heard.”
#174
چو بهرام با نامه خلعت بدید
✦
شکیبایی وخامشی برگزید
“When Bahram saw the letter and the robe of women's attire, he chose patience and silence.”
#175
همی‌گفت کینست پاداش من
✦
چنین از پی شاه پرخاش من
“He mused: 'Is this my reward? Such is the outcome of my battle for the king's sake!”
#176
چنین بد ز اندیشه شاه نیست
✦
جز ار ناسزا گفت بدخواه نیست
“Yet such evil thoughts could not have come from the king himself; surely malice was spoken by an ill-wisher.'”
#177
که خلعت ازینسان فرستد بمن
✦
بدان تا ببینند هر انجمن
“That he should send me a robe of honor of this kind, so that every assembly might behold it!”
#178
جهاندار بر بندگان پادشاست
✦
اگر مر مرا خوار گیرد رواست
“Yet the ruler of the world is master over his servants; if he holds me in contempt, he has the right.”
#179
گمانی نبردم که نزدیک شاه
✦
بداندیشگان تیز یابند راه
“I never suspected that evil-wishers could so easily find a path to the king's ear.”
#180
ولیکن چوهرمز مرا خوار کرد
✦
به گفتار آهرمنان کارکرد
“But since Hormozd has humiliated me, acting upon the council of demons,”
#181
زشاه جهان اینچنین کارکرد
✦
نزیبد به پیش خردمند مرد
“Such an act from the king of the world does not seem fitting in the eyes of a wise man.”
#182
ازان پس که با خوار مایه سپاه
✦
بتندی برفتم زدرگاه شاه
“After I set out in haste from the king's court with a small and meager force,”
#183
همه دیده‌اند آنچ من کرده‌ام
✦
غم و رنج وسختی که من برده‌ام
“Everyone has seen what I have accomplished, and the sorrow, toil, and hardship I have endured.”
#184
چوپاداش آن رنج خواری بود
✦
گر ازبخت ناسازگاری بود
“If the reward for all that toil is humiliation, it must be due to adverse fate.”
#185
به یزدان بنالم ز گردان سپهر
✦
که از من چنین پاک بگسست مهر
“I complain to God against the turning sky, which has so utterly severed its affection from me!'”
#186
زدادار نیکی دهش یاد کرد
✦
بپوشید پس جامهٔ سرخ و زرد
“He remembered God, the Bestower of Good, and then put on the red and yellow robe sent to insult him.”
#187
به پیش اندرون دوکدان سیاه
✦
نهاده هرآنچش فرستاد شاه
“In front of himself he placed the black spindle-case and all that the king had sent him.”
#188
بفرمود تا هرک بود ازمهان
✦
ازان نامداران شاه جهان
“He then commanded that all the grandees and noble commanders of the world-king’s army...”
#189
زلشکر برفتند نزدیک اوی
✦
پراندیشه بد جان تاریک اوی
“...should gather before him from the troops, while his own dark spirit was overwhelmed with grief and thought.”
#190
چورفتند و دیدند پیر وجوان
✦
بران گونه آن پوشش پهلوان
“When the young and old came and beheld the great paladin clad in such women's garments,”
#191
بماندند زان کار یکسر شگفت
✦
دل هرکس اندیشه‌ای برگرفت
“They were left entirely astonished by the sight, and dark forebodings gripped the heart of each man.”
#192
چنین گفت پس پهلوان با سپاه
✦
که خلعت بدین سان فرستاد شاه
“Then the paladin said to the host, 'Behold, this is the robe of honor the King has bestowed upon me.'”
#193
جهاندار شاهست وما بنده‌ایم
✦
دل و جان به مهر وی آگنده‌ایم
“'The sovereign is king and we are but servants; we have devoted our hearts and souls to his love.'”
#194
چه بینید بینندگان اندرین
✦
چه گوییم با شهریار زمین
“'What do you discerning men see in this act? What answer shall we offer to the monarch of the earth?'”
#195
بپاسخ گشادند یکسر زبان
✦
که‌ای نامور پرهنر پهلوان
“They opened their mouths in unified response, saying: 'O famed and most valiant hero!'”
#196
چو ارج تو اینست نزدیک شاه
✦
سگانند بر بارگاهش سپاه
“'If this is your reward and value before the king, then his army are no better than dogs at his court!'”
#197
نگر تا چه گفت آن خردمند پیر
✦
به ری چون دلش تنگ شد ز اردشیر
“'Remember what that wise old sage said in Ray, when his heart grew bitter against Ardashir:'”
#198
سری پر زکینه دلی پر زدرد
✦
زبان و روان پر زگفتار سرد
“'With a head full of vengeance, a heart full of pain, and a tongue and spirit laden with cold reproaches,'”
#199
بیامد دمان تا باصطخر پارس
✦
که اصطخر بد بر زمین فخر پارس
“'He came raging all the way to Istakhr of Fars, for Istakhr was the glory of Fars upon the earth,'”
#200
که بیزارم از تخت وز تاج شاه
✦
چونیک وبد من ندارد نگاه
“'Saying: I am utterly weary of the king's crown and throne, since he pays no heed to my good or ill deeds.'”
#201
بدو گفت بهرام کین خود مگوی
✦
که از شاه گیرد سپاه آبروی
“Bahram said to them, 'Do not utter such words, for the army derives its honor and standing from the king.'”
#202
همه سر به سر بندگان وییم
✦
دهنده‌ست وخواهندگان وییم
“'We are all his servants from top to bottom; he is the giver of bounties, and we are his supplicants.'”
#203
چنین یافت پاسخ ز ایرانیان
✦
که ماخود نبندیم زین پس میان
“He received this reply from the Iranians: 'Henceforth, we shall never gird our loins in his service!'”
#204
به ایران کس اورا نخوانیم شاه
✦
نه بهرام را پهلوان سپاه
“'In Iran, no one shall address him as king, nor shall we recognize Bahram as the commander of the army!'”
#205
بگفتند وز پیش بیرون شدند
✦
ز کاخ همایون به هامون شدند
“Having spoken thus, they departed from his presence, leaving the blessed palace for the open plain.”
#206
سپهبد سپه را همی‌داد پند
✦
همی‌داشت با پند لب را ببند
“The commander kept advising the army to remain loyal, yet sealed his lips alongside his advice.”
#207
چنین تا دوهفته برین برگذشت
✦
سپهبد ز ایوان بیامد به دشت
“Thus passed two weeks in this manner, until the commander stepped out of the palace into the wild plain.”
#208
یکی بیشه پیش آمدش پر درخت
✦
سزاوار میخوارهٔ نیکبخت
“A dense, tree-filled grove appeared before him, a place worthy of fortunate wine-drinkers and hunters.”
#209
یکی گور دید اندر آن مرغزار
✦
کزان خوبتر کس نبیند نگار
“He spotted an onager in that meadow, more beautiful than any painting a man could ever behold.”
#210
پس اندر همی‌راند بهرام نرم
✦
برو بارگی را نکرد ایچ گرم
“Bahram rode gently in pursuit, taking care not to press his steed too hard.”
#211
بدان بیشه در جای نخچیرگاه
✦
به پیش اندر آمد یکی تنگ راه
“In that grove, which served as a hunting ground, a narrow path opened before him.”
#212
ز تنگی چو گور ژیان برگذشت
✦
بیابان پدید آمد و راغ ودشت
“When the fierce onager passed through the narrow pass, a vast desert, meadow, and open plain emerged.”
#213
گرازنده بهرام و تازنده گور
✦
ز گرمای آن دشت تفسیده هور
“Bahram galloped proudly while the onager fled, beneath the blazing sun that scorched the hot plain.”

Distich Annotation & Lore

English Translation:

Modern Interpretation:

Literary & Narrative Dimensions:
Entities Identified:
The Guide
Companion of Epic Lore & Ferdowsi’s Shahnameh
Greetings, seeker of ancient lore! I am The Guide, your companion through the heroes, monarchs, mythical creatures, and timeless verses of the Shahnameh. Ask me anything about the epic tradition.
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