🦅 IRANLORE | ایران‌نامه
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Historical Era (Parthian & Sasanian)

Qobad

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180 distichs in this chapter
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The Story of Mazdak and King Qobad
During the reign of King Qobad, a ruinous famine engulfed the land of Iran. Clouds vanished from the sky, neither snow nor rain fell upon the mountains or plains, and both nobles and commoners gathered at the royal court crying out for bread. Amidst this crisis, an eloquent and learned man named Mazdak emerged. Having gained access to the court as a trusted treasurer and counselor, Mazdak possessed a silver tongue capable of swaying the monarch's heart.

Mazdak presented Qobad with riddles of a man bitten by a serpent whose antidote is withheld by another, and of a prisoner left to starve to death while a neighbor holds bread. Qobad answered righteously that he who hoards the antidote or bread in such circumstance is a murderer. Armed with the king's own logic, Mazdak incited the starving masses to plunder the royal and public granaries. When the king's spies reported the looting, Mazdak justified it, arguing that grain was the antidote to starvation and hoarding it was a crime. Though troubled at first, Qobad gradually became entranced by Mazdak's persuasive doctrines.

Mazdak preached a radical egalitarian creed, declaring: 'Women, property, and land must be held in common so that the five demons—Envy, Malice, Anger, Want, and Greed—may be vanquished.' Rich and poor were rendered equal, and vast crowds flocked to his banner. King Qobad adopted the new faith and seated Mazdak at his right hand, abandoning traditional Mobad counsel. Yet Prince Khosrow, the king's brilliant son, steadfastly opposed this heresy. When Mazdak attempted to force Khosrow into compliance, the prince angrily tore his hand away. Qobad allowed Khosrow a respite to prove Mazdak's teachings false.

Prince Khosrow demanded a five-month grace period and dispatched messengers across the realm. Renowned Zoroastrian sages and Mobads answered his call, including Dad-Hormozd of Khorreh-Ardashir and Mehr-Azar of Estakhr with thirty noble scholars. In a grand assembly before King Qobad, Khosrow delivered a devastating refutation: 'If property and women are shared equally, no son will know his true father, nor father his son. All distinction between master and servant will dissolve, labor will cease, and the order of the world will crumble into utter ruin.'

Hearing these profound words, Qobad awakened from his delusion and repented of his error. He surrendered Mazdak and his followers to Khosrow. The prince ordered a gruesome execution: a deep trench was dug around a walled orchard, and one hundred thousand Mazdakites were planted upside down in the earth like living trees, their feet dangling in the air. Khosrow then brought Mazdak to view his 'garden of heretics' before hanging him upside down from a high gallows and piercing him with a barrage of arrows.

Redeemed, Qobad spent his remaining days endowing fire temples and distributing wealth to the needy. Reaching the age of eighty after forty-three years of rule, Qobad penned his final testament, leaving the throne to Khosrow. Upon Qobad's death, Khosrow ascended the throne and was bestowed the title Noshirvan ('Immortal Soul'), inaugurating an era of supreme justice and splendor.
#1
بیامد یکی مرد مزدک به نام
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سخنگوی با دانش و رای و کام
“There came forth a man who was named Mazdak, eloquent in speech, full of knowledge, wisdom, and purpose.”
#2
گرانمایه مردی و دانش فروش
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قباد دلاور بدو داد گوش
“A venerable man who peddled knowledge, and brave Qobad gave him his ear.”
#3
به نزد جهاندار دستور گشت
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نگهبان آن گنج و گنجور گشت
“He became a trusted minister to the ruler of the world, guardian of his treasures and keeper of his wealth.”
#4
ز خشکی خورش تنگ شد در جهان
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میان کهان و میان مهان
“Due to severe drought, food became scarce in the world, among both the humble and the noble.”
#5
ز روی هوا ابر شد ناپدید
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به ایران کسی برف و باران ندید
“Clouds vanished from the sky, and in Iran no one saw either rain or snow.”
#6
مهان جهان بر در کیقباد
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همی هر کسی آب و نان کرد یاد
“The nobles of the world gathered at the gate of Key-Qobad, everyone crying out for bread and water.”
#7
بدیشان چنین گفت مزدک که شاه
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نماید شما را به امید راه
“Mazdak said to them: 'The King will show you the path of hope.'”
#8
دوان اندر آمد بر شهریار
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چنین گفت کای نامور شهریار
“He ran in to the presence of the monarch and spoke thus: 'O illustrious sovereign!'”
#9
به گیتی سخن پرسم از تو یکی
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گر ایدون که پاسخ دهی اندکی
“'I ask of thee a single question about the world, if thou wouldst deign to give a brief answer.'”
#10
قباد سراینده گفتش بگوی
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به من تازه کن در سخن آبروی
“Qobad, the eloquent king, bade him speak: 'Renew my honor through thy discourse.'”
#11
بدو گفت آن کس که مارش گزید
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همی از تنش جان بخواهد پرید
“He said to him: 'Consider one bitten by a serpent, whose soul is about to depart his body,'”
#12
یکی دیگری را بود پای زهر
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گزیده نیابد ز تریاک بهر
“'And another possesses the antidote to the poison, yet the bitten one receives no portion of it.'”
#13
سزای چنین مرد گویی که چیست
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که تریاک دارد درم سنگ بیست
“'What sayest thou is the due reward for such a man, who holds twenty dirhams weight of antidote?'”
#14
چنین داد پاسخ ورا شهریار
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که خونی‌ست این مرد تریاک‌دار
“The sovereign replied to him thus: 'Such a man who withholdeth the antidote is a murderer!'”
#15
به خون گزیده ببایدش کشت
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به درگاه چون دشمن آمد به مشت
“'He should be slain in retribution for the victim's blood, for he cometh to court as a foe trapped in the fist.'”
#16
چو بشنید برخاست از پیش شاه
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بیامد به نزدیک فریادخواه
“When Mazdak heard this, he arose from before the king and went out to the supplicants.”
#17
بدیشان چنین گفت کز شهریار
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سخن کردم از هر دری خواستار
“He spoke to them saying: 'I have sought counsel from the king on every matter.'”
#18
بباشید تا بامداد پگاه
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نمایم شما را سوی داد راه
“'Wait until early morning, and I shall guide you unto the path of justice.'”
#19
برفتند و شبگیر باز آمدند
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شخوده رخ و پرگداز آمدند
“They departed and returned at early dawn, cheeks scratched with grief and body consumed by hunger.”
#20
چو مزدک ز در آن گره را بدید
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ز درگه سوی شاه ایران دوید
“When Mazdak saw that crowd at the door, he ran from the threshold toward the King of Iran.”
#21
چنین گفت کای شاه پیروزبخت
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سخنگوی و بیدار و زیبای تخت
“He said: 'O victorious king, eloquent, vigilant, and ornament of the throne!'”
#22
سخن گفتم و پاسخش دادی‌ام
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به پاسخ در بسته بگشادی‌ام
“'I spoke a word and thou didst answer me; with thy answer, thou didst unlock a closed door.'”
#23
گر ایدون که دستور باشد کنون
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بگوید سخن پیش تو رهنمون
“'If now the king grants permission, his guiding servant will speak once more before him.'”
#24
بدو گفت برگوی و لب را مبند
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که گفتار باشد مرا سودمند
“The King said to him: 'Speak on and seal not thy lips, for thy speech is beneficial to me.'”
#25
چنین گفت کای نامور شهریار
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کسی را که بندی به بند استوار
“Thus he spoke: 'O famous king, if one should bind a man tightly in chains,'”
#26
خورش بازگیرند زو تا بمرد
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به بیچارگی جان و تن را سپرد
“'And withhold food from him until he dies, surrendering his soul and body in helplessness,'”
#27
مکافات آن کس که نان داشت او
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مر این بسته را خوار بگذاشت او
“'What is the retribution of the man who possessed bread yet left this captive to perish miserably?'”
#28
چه باشد بگوید مرا پادشا؟
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که این مرد دانا بد و پارسا
“'What would the king declare unto me, for he is a wise and righteous sovereign?'”
#29
چنین داد پاسخ که می‌کن بنش
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که خونی‌ست ناکرده بر گردنش
“The monarch answered: 'He too is a murderer, though no direct blood be upon his neck.'”
#30
چو بشنید مزدک زمین بوس داد
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خرامان بیامد ز پیش قباد
“When Mazdak heard this, he kissed the ground and stepped gracefully away from King Qobad.”
#31
به درگاه او شد به انبوه گفت
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که جایی که گندم بود در نهفت
“He went to his gate and shouted to the crowd: 'Wherever wheat is held in secret storage,'”
#32
دهید آن به تاراج در کوی و شهر
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بدان تا یکایک بیابید بهر
“'Go and pillage it in every street and town, so that each of you may obtain a portion!'”
#33
دویدند هرکس که بد گُرسِنِه
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به تاراج گندم شدند از بنِه
“Everyone who was hungry ran swiftly and set about plundering the stores of wheat from their foundation.”
#34
چه انبار شهری چه آنِ قباد
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ز یک دانه گندم نبودند شاد
“Whether the granaries of the city or those of Qobad himself, not a single grain of wheat remained.”
#35
چو دیدند رفتند کارآگهان
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به نزدیک بیدار شاه جهان
“When the king's intelligence officers saw this, they went unto the vigilant lord of the world,”
#36
که تاراج کردند انبار شاه
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به مزدک همی‌بازگردد گناه
“Saying: 'The royal granaries have been plundered, and the guilt traces back to Mazdak!'”
#37
قباد آن سخن‌گوی را پیش خواند
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ز تاراج انبار چندی براند
“Qobad summoned the speaker to his presence and reproached him for the pillaging of the stores.”
#38
چنین داد پاسخ کانوشه بدی
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خرد را به گفتار توشه بدی
“Mazdak replied: 'Mayest thou live forever! May thy words be sustenance for wisdom!'”
#39
سخن هرچه بشنیدم از شهریار
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بگفتم به بازاریان خوارخوار
“'Whatever words I heard from the sovereign, I merely recounted to the needy folk in the market.'”
#40
به شاه جهان گفتم از مار و زهر
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از آن کس که تریاک دارد به شهر
“'I spoke to the ruler of the world concerning snake and poison, and he who hoardeth the antidote in the city.'”
#41
بدین بنده پاسخ چنین داد شاه
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که تریاک‌دارست مرد گناه
“'To this servant the King gave answer that the possessor of antidote is the guilty man,'”
#42
اگر خون این مرد تریاک‌دار
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بریزد کسی نیست با او شمار
“'And if someone sheds the blood of such a owner, no retribution shall be exacted from him.'”
#43
چو شد گرسنه نان بود پای زهر
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به سیری نخواهد ز تریاک بهر
“'When a man is starving, bread is the antidote; a sated man seeketh no portion of antidote!'”
#44
اگر دادگر باشی ای شهریار
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به انبار گندم نیاید به کار
“'If thou art a just ruler, O King, the hoarded granary of wheat serves no holy purpose.'”
#45
شکم گرسنه چند مردم بمرد
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که انبار را سود جانش نبرد
“'How many people have died with hungry bellies, while granaries brought no profit to their lives!'”
#46
ز گفتار او تنگ‌دل شد قباد
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بشد تیز مغزش ز گفتار داد
“Qobad became deeply moved by his discourse; his mind was stirred and sharpened by Mazdak's speech on justice.”
#47
وز آن پس بپرسید و پاسخ شنید
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دل و جان او پر ز گفتار دید
“Thereafter he questioned him and heard his answers, finding his heart and soul filled with deep discourse.”
#48
ز چیزی که گفتند پیغمبران
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همان دادگر موبدان و ردان
“He spoke of what prophets had taught, as well as righteous priests and noble sages of old.”
#49
به گفتار مزدک همه کژ گشت
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سخنهاش ز اندازه اندر گذشت
“Through Mazdak’s speech, all settled matters turned askew, and his claims soon exceeded all bounds.”
#50
بر او انجمن شد فراوان سپاه
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بسی کس به بیراهی آمد ز راه
“A vast throng gathered around him, and many a person turned away from the right path into error.”
#51
همی‌گفت هر کاو توانگر بود
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تهیدست با او برابر بود
“He kept preaching that whoever is wealthy must be equal with the poor and destitute.”
#52
نباید که باشد کسی برفزود
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توانگر بود تار و درویش پود
“"None should hold excess," he claimed; "the rich are the warp and the poor the woof of one fabric."”
#53
جهان راست باید که باشد به چیز
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فزونی توانگر چرا جست نیز
“"The world's wealth must be equally shared; why should the rich seek even more abundance?"”
#54
زن و خانه و چیز بخشیدنی‌ست
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تهی‌دست کس با توانگر یکی‌ست
“"Wife, home, and wealth are all to be shared; the needy man is one with the rich."”
#55
من این را کنم راست با دین پاک
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شود ویژه پیدا بلند از مغاک
“"I shall set this right through pure faith, so that true virtue shines forth from the depths."”
#56
هر آن کس که او جز بر این دین بود
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ز یزدان وز منش نفرین بود
“"Whoever follows not this doctrine shall be accursed by God and by me."”
#57
ببد هرکه درویش با او یکی
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اگر مرد بودند اگر کودکی
“Everyone who was poor joined him as one, whether they were grown men or children.”
#58
از این بستدی چیز و دادی بدان
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فرو مانده بُد زان سخن بخردان
“He took possessions from one and gave them to another, leaving the wise utterly baffled by his words.”
#59
چو بشنید در دین او شد قباد
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ز گیتی به گفتار او بود شاد
“When Qobad heard this, he adopted his faith and felt joyous in the world through his teaching.”
#60
ورا شاه بنشاند بر دست راست
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ندانست لشکر که موبد کجاست
“The King seated him upon his right hand, so that the army no longer knew where the chief priest stood.”
#61
بر او شد آن کس که درویش بود
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وگر نانش از کوشش خویش بود
“Everyone who was poor flocked to him, even those who earned their daily bread by their own labor.”
#62
به گرد جهان تازه شد دین او
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نیارست جستن کسی کین او
“His faith spread anew throughout the realm, and none dared to harbor hostility against him.”
#63
توانگر همی سر ز تنگی نگاشت
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سپردی به درویش چیزی که داشت
“The rich did not turn their heads away out of stinginess; they surrendered whatever they possessed to the poor.”
#64
چنان بد که یک روز مزدک پگاه
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ز خانه بیامد به نزدیک شاه
“Thus it came to pass that one morning Mazdak came forth from his house to the King.”
#65
چنین گفت کز دین پرستان ما
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همان پاکدل زیردستان ما
“He spoke thus: "Of those who follow our faith, and of our pure-hearted subjects,”
#66
فراوان ز گیتی سران بر درند
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فرود آوری گر ز در بگذرند
“Many noble chiefs of the world stand at your gate; grant them entry if they cross the threshold."”
#67
ز مزدک شنید این سخن‌ها قباد
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به سالار فرمود تا بار داد
“Qobad heard these words from Mazdak and commanded his chamberlain to grant them audience.”
#68
چنین گفت مزدک به پرمایه شاه
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که این جای تنگست و چندان سپاه
“Mazdak then said to the glorious King: "This place is too narrow for so vast a host;”
#69
همانا نگنجند در پیش شاه
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به هامون خرامد کندشان نگاه
“They cannot fit before the King; let him step out into the plain to look upon them."”
#70
بفرمود تا تخت بیرون برند
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ز ایوان شاهی به هامون برند
“The King commanded his throne to be carried outside, moved from the royal palace out unto the open plain.”
#71
به دشت آمد از مزدکی صدهزار
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برفتند شادان بر شهریار
“A hundred thousand Mazdakites came out to the plain, advancing joyfully before the monarch.”
#72
چنین گفت مزدک به شاه زمین
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که ای برتر از دانشِ بآفرین
“Mazdak addressed the King of the Earth: "O ruler whose praise excels wisdom itself!”
#73
چنان دان که کسری نه بر دین ماست
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ز دین سر کشیدن ورا کی سزاست
“"Know that Kasra follows not our faith; how is it fitting for him to turn his head away from the truth?"”
#74
یکی خط دستش بباید ستد
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که سر بازگرداند از راه بد
“"A written pledge must be exacted from his hand, that he may turn his head away from the evil path."”
#75
بپیچاند از راستی پنج چیز
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که دانا بر این پنج نفزود نیز
“"Five things distort righteousness, and the wise have added no sixth to these five:”
#76
کجا رشک و کین است و خشم و نیاز
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به پنجم که گردد بر او چیره آز
“"Envy, rancor, anger, and want, and fifth, when greed gains mastery over him.”
#77
تو چون چیره باشی بر این پنج دیو
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پدید آیدت راه کیهان خدیو
“"When you overcome these five demons, the path of the Sovereign of the cosmos shall open before you.”
#78
از این پنج ما را زن و خواسته است
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که دین بهی در جهان کاسته است
“"Out of these five, women and wealth cause our ruin, whereby the Good Religion has waned in the world.”
#79
زن و خواسته باشد اندر میان
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چو دین بهی را نخواهی زیان
“"Women and wealth must be shared in common, if you wish no harm to fall upon the Good Religion;”
#80
کز این دو بود رشک و آز و نیاز
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که با خشم و کین اندر آید به راز
“"For from these two spring envy, greed, and want, which secretly bring forth anger and malice."”
#81
همی دیو پیچد سر بخردان
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بباید نهاد این دو اندر میان
“The Ahriman deceives the minds of the wise; thus these two—women and wealth—must be shared in common among all.”
#82
چو این گفته شد دست کسری گرفت
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بدو مانده بد شاه ایران شگفت
“When this was spoken, Mazdak took Kasra's hand, while the Shah of Iran looked upon him in sheer wonder.”
#83
از او نامور دست بستد به خشم
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به تندی ز مزدک بخوابید چشم
“The renowned prince snatched back his hand in anger, turning his eyes away from Mazdak with fierce disdain.”
#84
به مزدک چنین گفت خندان قباد
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که از دین کسری چه داری به یاد؟
“Qobad smilingly said to Mazdak: 'What do you recall or think of Kasra’s faith?'”
#85
چنین گفت مزدک که این راه راست
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نهانی نداند نه بر دین ماست
“Mazdak replied: 'This true and upright path is neither secret, nor does his belief accord with our faith.'”
#86
همانگه ز کسری بپرسید شاه
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که از دین به بگذری نیست راه
“Then the king asked Kasra: 'Is there no way for you to turn away from the Good Religion?'”
#87
بدو گفت کسری چو یابم زمان
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بگویم که کژ است یکسر گمان
“Kasra answered him: 'If I am granted time, I shall prove that his doctrine is utterly false.'”
#88
چو پیدا شود کژی و کاستی
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درفشان شود پیش تو راستی
“When falsehood and deficiency are brought to light, truth shall shine resplendently before thee.”
#89
بدو گفت مزدک زمان چند روز
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همی‌خواهی از شاه گیتی‌فروز
“Mazdak asked him: 'How many days of grace do you seek from the world-brightening king?'”
#90
ورا گفت کسری زمان پنج ماه
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ششم را همه بازگویم به شاه
“Kasra replied: 'Give me five months' span; on the sixth, I shall unveil all to the king.'”
#91
بر این برنهادند و گشتند باز
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به ایوان بشد شاه گردن‌فراز
“They agreed upon this pact and departed; then the exalted king retired to his royal palace.”
#92
فرستاد کسری به هر جای کس
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که داننده‌ای دید و فریادرس
“Kasra dispatched envoys to every realm, seeking any man of knowledge and aid.”
#93
کس آمد سوی خره اردشیر
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که آنجا بد از داد هرمزد پیر
“A messenger rode to Kharreh-Ardashir, where dwelt a wise elder devoted to the justice of Hormozd.”
#94
ز اصطخر مهرآذر پارسی
✦
بیامد بدرگاه با یار سی
“From Istakhr arrived Mehr-Azar the Persian, coming to court accompanied by thirty wise companions.”
#95
نشستند دانش‌پژوهان به هم
✦
سخن رفت هرگونه از بیش و کم
“The scholars and seekers of wisdom assembled, debating matters both great and small.”
#96
به کسری سپردند یکسر سخن
✦
خردمند و دانندگان کهن
“The sage elders and ancient scholars entrusted the entire argument to Kasra.”
#97
چو بشنید کسری به نزد قباد
✦
بیامد ز مزدک سخن کرد یاد
“When Kasra heard their counsel, he came before Qobad and spoke again of Mazdak.”
#98
که اکنون فراز آمد آن روزگار
✦
که دین بهی را کنم خواستار
“'Now has the promised time arrived,' he said, 'that I may champion the Good Religion.'”
#99
گر ایدون که او را بود راستی
✦
شود دین زردشت بر کاستی
“'If indeed truth lies with him, then the religion of Zarathustra must diminish.'”
#100
پذیرم من آن پاک دین ورا
✦
به جان برگزینم گزین ورا
“'I shall embrace his pure faith and wholeheartedly choose his doctrines.'”
#101
چو راه فریدون شود نادرست
✦
عزیر مسیحی و هم زند و است
“'Should the path of Fereydun be rendered invalid, alongside Ezra, Christ, and the holy Zand and Avesta,'”
#102
سخن گفتن مزدک آید به جای
✦
نباید به گیتی جز او رهنمای
“'Then Mazdak’s words shall stand fulfilled, and no guide but he will be needed in the world.'”
#103
ور ایدون که او کژ گوید همی
✦
ره پاک یزدان نجوید همی
“'But if he speaks falsely and fails to seek the holy path of God,'”
#104
به من ده ورا و آنکه در دین اوست
✦
مبادا یکی را به تن مغز و پوست
“'Surrender him and his followers unto me, so that not one of them retains flesh or skin upon his bone!'”
#105
گوا کرد زرمهر و خرداد را
✦
فرایین و بندوی و بهزاد را
“He summoned Zarmehr and Khordad as witnesses, along with Farayin, Bandoy, and Behzad.”
#106
وز آن جایگه شد به ایوان خویش
✦
نگه داشت آن راست پیمان خویش
“From that place he returned to his palace, faithfully abiding by his righteous pledge.”
#107
به شبگیر چون شید بنمود تاج
✦
زمین شد به کردار دریای عاج
“At dawn, when the sun displayed its glowing crown, the earth grew bright as a sea of ivory.”
#108
همی‌راند فرزند شاه جهان
✦
سخن‌گوی با موبدان و ردان
“The son of the world’s king rode forth, conversing with high priests and noble sages.”
#109
به آیین به ایوان شاه آمدند
✦
سخن‌گوی و جوینده راه آمدند
“With solemn rite they entered the royal palace, eloquent of speech and seekers of truth.”
#110
دلارای مزدک سوی کیقباد
✦
بیامد سخن را در اندرگشاد
“The captivating Mazdak approached Qobad, opening the floodgates of debate.”
#111
چنین گفت کسری به پیش گروه
✦
به مزدک که ای مرد دانش‌پژوه
“Kasra spoke thus before the assembled crowd, addressing Mazdak: 'O man of learning!'”
#112
یکی دین نو ساختی پر زیان
✦
نهادی زن و خواسته در میان
“'You have forged a new religion fraught with harm, placing women and wealth in common distribution!'”
#113
چه داند پسر کش که باشد پدر؟
✦
پدر همچنین چون شناسد پسر؟
“'How shall a son know who his true father is? And how, likewise, shall a father recognize his son?'”
#114
چو مردم سراسر بود در جهان
✦
نباشند پیدا کهان و مهان
“'If all men in the world become completely equal, the noble and the humble can no longer be distinguished.'”
#115
که باشد که جوید در کهتری؟
✦
چگونه توان یافتن مهتری؟
“'Who would accept remaining in a lower state? And how could nobility and leadership ever be attained?'”
#116
کسی کاو مرد جای و چیزش که راست؟
✦
که شد کارجو بنده با شاه راست
“Who then could claim his rank or possessions as rightfully his? How could a hired servant stand equal to the King?”
#117
جهان ز این سخن پاک ویران شود
✦
نباید که این بد به ایران شود
“The whole world will fall to utter ruin through such talk; this calamity must never befall Iran.”
#118
همه کدخدایند و مزدور کیست؟
✦
همه گنج دارند و گنجور کیست؟
“If all are master and lord, who then is the laborer? If everyone possesses treasure, who shall be the treasurer?”
#119
ز دین‌آوران این سخن کس نگفت
✦
تو دیوانگی داشتی در نهفت
“No religious guide has ever uttered such words; you harbored madness in secret within your soul.”
#120
همه مردمان را به دوزخ بری
✦
همی کار بد را به بد نشمری
“You lead all people toward the fires of hell, for you do not count evil deeds as wicked.”
#121
چو بشنید گفتار موبد قباد
✦
برآشفت و اندر سخن داد داد
“When King Qobad heard the speech of the High Priest, he grew agitated and gave full justice to his words.”
#122
گرانمایه کسری ورا یار گشت
✦
دل مرد بی‌دین پرآزار گشت
“The noble Kasra joined as his ally, and the heart of the faithless man grew filled with anguish.”
#123
پرآواز گشت انجمن سر به سر
✦
که مزدک مبادا بر تاجور
“The entire assembly broke into loud cries: 'May Mazdak never remain beside the crowned sovereign!'”
#124
همی‌دارد او دین یزدان تباه
✦
مباد اندر این نامور بارگاه
“'He ruins the holy faith of God; let him not abide in this glorious imperial court!'”
#125
از آن دین جهاندار بیزار شد
✦
ز کرده سرش پر ز تیمار شد
“The ruler of the world grew utterly disgusted with that creed, and his mind was burdened with grief for what he had done.”
#126
به کسری سپردش همانگاه شاه
✦
ابا هرکه او داشت آیین و راه
“Then and there, the King surrendered Mazdak to Kasra, along with all who followed his path and doctrine.”
#127
بدو گفت هر کاو بر این دین اوست
✦
مبادا یکی را به تن مغز و پوست
“He said to him: 'Whoever holds to this creed of his, let not a single one retain marrow or skin upon his frame.'”
#128
بدان راه بد نامور صدهزار
✦
به فرزند گفت آن زمان شهریار
“A hundred thousand renowned men trod that evil path; at that moment, the King spoke to his son:”
#129
که با این سران هرچه خواهی بکن
✦
از این پس ز مزدک مگردان سخن
“'Do as you will with these leaders, and henceforth utter the name of Mazdak no more.'”
#130
به درگاه کسری یکی باغ بود
✦
که دیوار او برتر از راغ بود
“Near the court of Kasra lay a walled garden, whose ramparts rose higher than a mountain meadow.”
#131
همی گرد بر گرد او کنده کرد
✦
مر این مردمان را پراگنده کرد
“He caused pits to be dug all around its boundary, and gathered those people into separate groups.”
#132
بکشتندشان هم به سان درخت
✦
زبر پای و زیرش سرآگنده سخت
“They planted them inverted like trees, their feet held high and their heads buried deep below.”
#133
به مزدک چنین گفت کسری که رو
✦
به درگاه باغ گرانمایه شو
“Then Kasra said to Mazdak: 'Go now, enter the threshold of this splendid garden,'”
#134
درختان ببین آنکه هر کس ندید
✦
نه از کاردانان پیشین شنید
“'And behold such trees as no man has ever seen, nor heard described by the sages of old.'”
#135
بشد مزدک از باغ و بگشاد در
✦
که بیند مگر بر چمن بارور
“Mazdak entered the garden and opened the gate, hoping to see fruitful trees upon the lawn.”
#136
همانگه که دید از تنش رفت هوش
✦
برآمد به ناکام زو یک خروش
“The instant he gazed upon it, his senses fled his frame, and involuntarily a bitter shriek broke from him.”
#137
یکی دار فرمود کسری بلند
✦
فروهشت از دار پیچان کمند
“Kasra ordered a tall gallows to be erected, and let down a twisted noose from its beam.”
#138
نگون‌بخت را زنده بر دار کرد
✦
سر مرد بی‌دین نگون‌سار کرد
“He hanged the wretch alive upon the gallows, hanging that faithless man upside down.”
#139
از آن پس بکشتش به باران تیر
✦
تو گر باهشی راه مزدک مگیر
“Then he slew him with a hail of arrows; if you are wise, follow not the path of Mazdak!”
#140
بزرگان شدند ایمن از خواسته
✦
زن و زاده و باغ آراسته
“Thus the nobles felt secure in their possessions, their wives, children, and adorned estates.”
#141
همی‌بود با شرم چندی قباد
✦
ز نفرین مزدک همی‌کرد یاد
“For a time Qobad dwelt in shame, tormented by the memory of Mazdak's curse.”
#142
به درویش بخشید بسیار چیز
✦
بر آتشکده خلعت افگند نیز
“He bestowed vast wealth upon the needy, and presented lavish gifts to the fire temples as well.”
#143
ز کسری چنان شاد شد شهریار
✦
که شاخش همی گوهر آورد بار
“The King became so delighted with Kasra that his royal branch, as it were, bore jewels for fruit.”
#144
از آن پس همه رای با او زدی
✦
سخن هرچه گفتی از او بشندی
“Henceforth he consulted him in every decision, and heeded whatever counsel Kasra offered.”
#145
ز شاهیش چون سال شد بر چهل
✦
غم روز مرگ اندر آمد به دل
“When his reign reached its fortieth year, grief for the day of his passing entered his heart.”
#146
یکی نامه بنوشت پس بر حریر
✦
بر آن خط شایسته خود بد دبیر
“He then caused a testament to be written upon silk, recorded by an accomplished and worthy scribe.”
#147
نخست آفرین کرد بر دادگر
✦
که دارد از او دین و هم زو هنر
“He began with praises for the Just Creator, from whom he held both faith and high virtue.”
#148
بباشد همه بی‌گمان هرچه گفت
✦
چه بر آشکار و چه اندر نهفت
“Whatever He has decreed shall undoubtedly come to pass, whether in the open or in secret.”
#149
سر پادشاهیش را کس ندید
✦
نشد خوار هرکس که او را گزید
“None has ever seen the bound of His kingdom; whoever chose Him was never brought low.”
#150
هر آن کس که بینید خط قباد
✦
به جز پند کسری مگیرید یاد
“Whoever reads this writing of Qobad, remember and heed nothing save the wisdom of Kasra.”
#151
به کسری سپردم سزاوار تخت
✦
پس از مرگ ما او بود نیک‌بخت
“I have entrusted the rightful throne to Kasra; after my passing, may he reign in good fortune.”
#152
که یزدان از این پور خشنود باد
✦
دل بدسگالش پر از دود باد
“May God be pleased with this noble son, and may the hearts of his ill-wishers burn in dark grief.”
#153
ز گفتار او هیچ مپراگنید
✦
بدو شاد باشید و گنج آگنید
“Stray not from his wise counsel; rejoice in his rule and enrich his royal treasury.”
#154
بر آن نامه بر مُهر زرین نهاد
✦
بر موبد رام برزین نهاد
“Upon that testament he pressed his golden seal, and placed it in the care of Mobad Ram-Borzin.”
#155
به هشتاد شد سالیان قباد
✦
نبد روز پیری هم از مرگ شاد
“Qobad's years reached fourscore, yet even in old age he was not glad to meet death.”
#156
بمرد و جهان مردری ماند از اوی
✦
شد از چهر و بیناییش رنگ و بوی
“He passed away, leaving the world behind as his heritage; color and sight departed from his face.”
#157
تنش را به دیبا بیاراستند
✦
گل و مشک و کافور و می خواستند
“They adorned his body with brocade, bringing flowers, musk, camphor, and wine for his burial.”
#158
یکی دخمه کردند شاهنشهی
✦
یکی تاج شاهی و تخت مهی
“A royal tomb they fashioned for the monarch, placing therein an imperial crown and a high throne.”
#159
نهادند بر تخت زر شاه را
✦
ببستند تا جاودان راه را
“They laid the king upon the golden throne, and sealed the entrance to the tomb forever.”
#160
چو موبد بپردخت از سوگ شاه
✦
نهاد آن کیی نامه بر پیشگاه
“When the Mobad finished mourning for the king, he brought forth the royal testament before the court.”
#161
بر آن انجمن نامه برخواندند
✦
ولیعهد را شاد بنشاندند
“The letter was read aloud to the assembled court, and they joyfully seated the heir upon the throne.”
#162
چو کسری نشست از بر گاه نو
✦
همی‌خواندندی ورا شاه نو
“As Kasra ascended the new royal throne, all the people proclaimed him as their new king.”
#163
به شاهی بر او آفرین خواندند
✦
به سر برش گوهر برافشاندند
“They praised his reign with blessings, showering jewels upon his crowned head.”
#164
ورا نام کردند نوشین روان
✦
که مهتر جوان بود و دولت جوان
“They named him Anushirvan, for the prince was young and his fortune vibrant.”
#165
به سر شد کنون داستان قباد
✦
ز کسری کنم ز این سپس نام یاد
“The story of Qobad has now reached its end; henceforth, I shall recount the tale of Kasra.”
#166
همش داد بود و همش رای و نام
✦
به داد و دهش یافته نام و کام
“He possessed justice, wisdom, and renown, achieving fame and desire through equity and bounty.”
#167
الا ای دلارای سرو بلند
✦
چه بودت که گشتی چنین مستمند؟
“O tall and captivating cypress! What befell thee that thou hast become so frail and afflicted?”
#168
بدان شادمانی و آن فر و زیب
✦
چرا شد دل روشنت پرنهیب؟
“Amidst all that joy, glory, and grace, why has thy radiant heart become filled with dread?”
#169
چنین گفت پرسنده را سروبن
✦
که شادان بدم تا نبودم کهن
“Thus answered the cypress-like tree to the inquirer: "I was joyful until old age overtook me."”
#170
چنین سست گشتم ز نیروی شست
✦
به پرهیز و با او مساو ایچ دست
“My strength of grip has grown so weak; take heed, for none can wrestle against the force of aging.”
#171
دم اژدها دارد و چنگ شیر
✦
بخاید کسی را که آرد به زیر
“Old age possesses the breath of a dragon and the claws of a lion, devouring whomever it brings down.”
#172
هم‌آواز رعدست و هم زور کرگ
✦
به یک دست رنج و به یک دست مرگ
“Its voice is like thunder, its strength like a rhino's; in one hand it carries affliction, in the other, death.”
#173
ز سرو دلارای چنبر کند
✦
سمن برگ را رنگ عنبر کند
“It bends the enchanting cypress into a loop, and turns the lily-like face to dark amber.”
#174
گل ارغوان را کند زعفران
✦
پس زعفران رنجهای گران
“It turns the purple rose into yellow saffron, bringing heavy suffering in the wake of that fading hue.”
#175
شود بسته بی‌بند پای نوند
✦
وز او خوار گردد تن ارجمند
“Without chains, the feet of the swift steed are bound, and by it, the noble body is brought low.”
#176
مرا در خوشاب سستی گرفت
✦
همان سرو آزاد پستی گرفت
“The fine pearls of my teeth have grown loose, and my stately cypress has bent low.”
#177
خروشان شد آن نرگسان دژم
✦
همان سرو آزاده شد پشت خم
“My once bright eyes now weep in gloom, and my noble, straight posture is bent with age.”
#178
دل شاد و بی غم پر از درد گشت
✦
چنین روز ما ناجوانمرد گشت
“My joyful, untroubled heart became filled with pain; thus has time grown merciless toward us.”
#179
بدانگه که مردم شود سیر شیر
✦
شتاب آورد مرگ و خواندش پیر
“When a man reaches full sixty years, death quickens its pace and calls him old.”
#180
چل و هشت بد عهد نوشین روان
✦
تو بر شست رفتی نمانی جوان
“The reign of Anushirvan lasted forty-eight years; thou hast crossed sixty and shalt remain young no more.”

Distich Annotation & Lore

English Translation:

Modern Interpretation:

Literary & Narrative Dimensions:
Entities Identified:
The Guide
Companion of Epic Lore & Ferdowsi’s Shahnameh
Greetings, seeker of ancient lore! I am The Guide, your companion through the heroes, monarchs, mythical creatures, and timeless verses of the Shahnameh. Ask me anything about the epic tradition.
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