Upon the passing of Hushang, his wise and noble son Tahmuras—known to destiny as the Demon-Binder—ascended the throne of his ancestors, girding his loins for sovereign rule. He summoned the mobads and mighty captains of his realm, proclaiming his sacred oath: to cleanse the earth of wicked spells, to shear away the grasping claws of demons, and to reveal every craft hidden within the womb of the world. He turned his divine intellect to industry, teaching humankind to shear the fleece of ewes and lambs, to spin fine thread, and to weave warm garments and soft coverings.
Moving beyond the loom, Tahmuras surveyed the untamed wilderness. By cunning and patience, he captured the swift lynx and the cheetah, domesticating them for the hunt; he trained proud falcons and hawks to soar and strike at his command, and brought the rooster and hen into human homesteads, their dawn-crowing echoing like the beating of war-drums. He commanded all people to treat these creatures with gentleness and warmth, offering continuous praise to Yazdan, the Sovereign Creator who had granted mortal men dominion over the wild beasts.
In those golden years, Tahmuras was guided by a virtuous vizier named Shahrasp—a noble sage whose lips were sealed in fasting by day and whose nights were spent in glowing prayer before the Divine. Through Shahrasp's righteous counsel, the king was so purified of flaw that the luminous Royal Glory (Farr-e Izadi) blazed from his brow. Empowered by holy spells, Tahmuras bounded Ahriman himself, throwing a saddle over the Lord of Darkness and riding him as a swift courser across the four quarters of the earth.
Beholding the humiliation of Ahriman and the blazing glory of the king, the demons rose in bitter rebellion. A vast host of malevolent sorcerers and fiends assembled, led by a roaring Black Demon whose battle-shouts shook the heavens. But Tahmuras, girt for war, gripped his heavy mace and rode into the fray. With divine enchantments he bound two-thirds of the demonic horde and crushed the rest beneath the weight of his iron weapon. Wounded and chained in disgrace, the surviving demons begged for mercy, promising to reveal a wondrous secret art in exchange for their lives. Tahmuras granted them quarter, and in return, the demons taught the king the sacred art of writing—not in one script alone, but in nearly thirty, including Roman, Arabic, Persian, Sogdian, Chinese, and Pahlavi. For thirty more years, Tahmuras ruled in wisdom and splendor, until his earthly days reached their dawnless end, leaving his immortal labors as an enduring beacon for all generations.
#1
پسر بد مر او را یکی هوشمند
✦
گرانمایه طهمورث دیو بند
“He had a son, intelligent and grand—the noble Tahmuras, binder of demons.”
#2
بیامد به تخت پدر بر نشست
✦
به شاهی کمر بر میان بر ببست
“He came and sat upon his father's throne, girding his loins to rule as sovereign king.”
#3
همه موبدان را ز لشکر بخواند
✦
به خوبی چه مایه سخنها براند
“He summoned all the mobads from the realm and spoke to them with words of gracious wisdom.”
#4
چنین گفت کامروز تخت و کلاه
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مرا زیبد این تاج و گنج و سپاه
“He declared: "Today, this throne and crown, this treasure and host, belong rightfully to me."”
#5
جهان از بدیها بشویم به رای
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پس آنگه کنم درگهی گرد پای
“"I shall cleanse the world of evil by wisdom, and then establish a court renowned across the earth."”
#6
ز هر جای کوته کنم دست دیو
✦
که من بود خواهم جهان را خدیو
“"I will cut short the reach of demons everywhere, for I am destined to be the lord of all the earth."”
#7
هر آن چیز کاندر جهان سودمند
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کنم آشکارا گشایم ز بند
“"Whatever is beneficial in the world, I shall bring to light and unloose from secrecy."”
#8
پس از پشت میش و بره پشم و موی
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برید و به رشتن نهادند روی
“Then from the backs of ewes and lambs they sheared the wool and hair, and turned their skill to spinning thread.”
#9
به کوشش از او کرد پوشش به رای
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به گستردنی بد هم او رهنمای
“Through industry and thought he fashioned garments from it, and guided them in weaving rugs and coverings.”
#10
ز پویندگان هر چه بد تیز رو
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خورش کردشان سبزه و کاه و جو
“Of all the fleet-footed beasts that roamed, he provided them with grass and straw and barley for food.”
#11
رمنده ددان را همه بنگرید
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سیه گوش و یوز از میان برگزید
“He examined all the wild, elusive beasts, selecting the lynx and the cheetah from among them.”
#12
به چاره بیاوردش از دشت و کوه
✦
به بند آمدند آن که بد زان گروه
“By skill he brought them from the plains and mountains, taming those wild creatures into servitude.”
#13
ز مرغان مر آن را که بد نیک تاز
✦
چو باز و چو شاهین گردن فراز
“Among the birds, he singled out the swift and soaring ones—such as the falcon and proud hawk.”
#14
بیاورد و آموختنشان گرفت
✦
جهانی بدو مانده اندر شگفت
“He brought them in and began to train them for falconry, leaving all the world in deep wonder.”
#15
چو این کرده شد ماکیان و خروس
✦
کجا بر خروشد گه زخم کوس
“When this was accomplished, he domesticated the hen and the rooster, whose crow marks the dawn like beating war-drums.”
#16
بیاورد و یکسر به مردم کشید
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نهفته همه سودمندش گزید
“He brought them forth and placed them in service of humanity, uncovering every hidden benefit.”
#17
بفرمودشان تا نوازند گرم
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نخوانندشان جز به آواز نرم
“He commanded the people to treat these animals with warmth and gentle kindness, addressing them only softly.”
#18
چنین گفت کاین را ستایش کنید
✦
جهان آفرین را نیایش کنید
“He said: "Give praise for these gifts, and offer worship to the Creator of the World."”
#19
که او دادمان بر ددان دستگاه
✦
ستایش مر او را که بنمود راه
“"For He granted us mastery over wild beasts; all praise be to Him who guided our path."”
#20
مر او را یکی پاک دستور بود
✦
که رایش ز کردار بد دور بود
“He had a pure and noble minister whose counsel was entirely free from evil deeds.”
#21
خنیده به هر جای شهرسپ نام
✦
نزد جز به نیکی به هر جای گام
“Renowned in every realm by the name of Shahrasp, he took no step anywhere save toward goodness.”
#22
همه روز بسته ز خوردن دو لب
✦
به پیش جهاندار بر پای شب
“All day he kept his lips sealed in fasting, and all night he stood in prayer before the Sovereign of the World.”
#23
چنان بر دل هر کسی بود دوست
✦
نماز شب و روزه آیین اوست
“So beloved was he to every heart; night-prayers and fasting were the guiding custom of his life.”
#24
سر مایه بد اختر شاه را
✦
در بسته بد جان بدخواه را
“He was the chief foundation of the king's good fortune, keeping the soul of every adversary barred and bound.”
#25
همه راه نیکی نمودی به شاه
✦
همه راستی خواستی پایگاه
“He showed the king only the paths of righteousness, desiring truth as the foundation of the state.”
#26
چنان شاه پالوده گشت از بدی
✦
که تابید ازو فرّهٔ ایزدی
“Thus was the king so cleansed of every flaw that the Divine Glory shone brilliantly from his countenance.”
#27
برفت اهرمن را به افسون ببست
✦
چو بر تیز رو بارگی بر نشست
“He went forth and bound Ahriman through holy incantations, mounting him as a fleet courser.”
#28
زمان تا زمان زینش بر ساختی
✦
همی گرد گیتیش بر تاختی
“Time and again he saddled him, riding upon his back all around the world.”
#29
چو دیوان بدیدند کردار او
✦
کشیدند گردن ز گفتار او
“When the demons beheld his deeds, they rebelled against his words and turned their heads away.”
#30
شدند انجمن دیو بسیار مر
✦
که پردخته مانند از او تاج و فرّ
“Countless demons gathered in assembly, scheming to strip him of his crown and Divine Glory.”
#31
چو طهمورث آگه شد از کارشان
✦
بر آشفت و بشکست بازارشان
“When Tahmuras learned of their design, he was enraged and shattered their rebellion.”
#32
به فرّ جهاندار بستش میان
✦
به گردن بر آورد گرز گران
“Girding his loins through the Sovereign's Divine Glory, he raised his heavy mace upon his shoulder.”
#33
همه نرّه دیوان و افسونگران
✦
برفتند جادو سپاهی گران
“All the fierce male demons and sorcerers marched forth, a massive army of evil enchantments.”
#34
دمنده سیه دیوشان پیشرو
✦
همی بآسمان برکشیدند غو
“A roaring Black Demon led their host, raising a clamorous roar that reached the very heavens.”
#35
جهاندار طهمورث بافرین
✦
بیامد کمربستهٔ جنگ و کین
“The glorious world-ruler Tahmuras advanced, girt for war and vengeance.”
#36
یکایک بیاراست با دیو جنگ
✦
نبد جنگشان را فراوان درنگ
“Straightway he arrayed his force against the demons, and their battle was swift without delay.”
#37
از ایشان دو بهره به افسون ببست
✦
دگرشان به گرز گران کرد پست
“Two thirds of them he bound through magical charms, and the rest he crushed beneath his heavy mace.”
#38
کشیدندشان خسته و بسته خوار
✦
به جان خواستند آن زمان زینهار
“Dragged away wounded, bound, and humiliated, they pleaded desperately for their lives.”
#39
که ما را مکش تا یکی نو هنر
✦
بیاموزی از ما کهت آید به بر
“Saying: "Slay us not, so that we may teach thee a wondrous new art that shall bring thee great reward!"”
#40
کی نامور دادشان زینهار
✦
بدان تا نهانی کنند آشکار
“The renowned monarch granted them quarter, so that they might reveal what was hidden.”
#41
چو آزاد گشتند از بند او
✦
بجستند ناچار پیوند او
“Once freed from the immediate threat of death, they naturally sought to fulfill their pact with him.”
#42
نبشتن به خسرو بیاموختند
✦
دلش را به دانش برافروختند
“They taught the monarch the art of writing, illuminating his heart with the light of knowledge.”
#43
نبشتن یکی نه، که نزدیک سی
✦
چه رومی، چه تازی و چه پارسی
“Not merely one script, but nearly thirty—including Roman, Arabic, and Persian.”
#44
چه سغدی، چه چینی و چه پهلوی
✦
ز هر گونهای کان همی بشنوی
“As well as Sogdian, Chinese, and Pahlavi—every kind of script that one could hear named.”
#45
جهاندار سی سال از این بیشتر
✦
چه گونه پدید آوریدی هنر
“For thirty more years the sovereign reigned, bringing forth all manner of arts and arts of civilization.”
#46
برفت و سر آمد بر او روزگار
✦
همه رنج او ماند از او یادگار
“Then his days drew to an end and he departed, leaving behind all his noble labors as an enduring memory.”